SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
The paper develops an algorithm for calculating steady-state operating modes of compensated long-distance AC transmission lines that include intermediate systems and reactive-power compensation devices connected near series-compensation installations. The method represents line sections by distribut…
The paper examines how higher harmonics in industrial power supply networks reduce the reactive power compensating effect of power factor correction capacitor banks, especially in systems with substantial rectifier converter loads. Using harmonic power factor relations and the method of equivalent s…
This paper describes an experimental BESM-4 program for calculating steady-state operating modes of electrical power systems using nodal-power equations solved by the Newton-Raphson method. The approach modifies the nodal-power method through generalized network-power equations, representing network…
This paper examines the economic selection of voltage class and conductor cross section for distribution network lines. It derives reduced cost expressions as functions of transmitted power, nominal voltage, and conductor cross section, then minimizes them to obtain an economic current density and p…
This paper addresses the engineering problem of calculating the two-dimensional magnetic field of a rectilinear current-carrying conductor located in a rectangular slot, as encountered in transformer windings and electric machine slots. Assuming infinitely permeable ferromagnetic boundaries, it form…
This paper considers how to choose the shape of guiding surfaces in lossless TEM transmission-line sections with inhomogeneous insulation so that the characteristic impedance remains constant and reflections are avoided. It argues that, because replacing the inhomogeneous dielectric by a homogeneous…
This paper proposes an approximate method for calculating the capacitance of a centered electrode system consisting of a long rectangular busbar inside a circular cylindrical outer electrode, where exact analytical solutions are difficult or unavailable. The approach replaces the rectangular inner c…
The paper presents a classical direct-integration approach for calculating transients in linear electrical circuits driven by nonstandard or combined excitations, such as polynomial, exponential, and mixed source functions. It argues that the forced-response form can often be inferred from the excit…
This paper addresses the calculation of transporter potentials in rod-type electrostatic generators immediately before switching, a quantity needed for analyzing commutation processes. For a generator with one pair of poles and a uniform stator potential distribution, the authors treat the machine a…
The paper presents a computer-based method for calculating and plotting isolux curves of horizontal illuminance for lighting design, addressing the labor-intensive nature of manual curve construction. It derives the calculation from standard horizontal illuminance formulas, using luminous-intensity …
This paper addresses feature extraction for recognizing a limited vocabulary of spoken words intended for oral computer control. It argues that the required distinctions can be obtained from clipped envelopes of the speech signal, the whole word, and the fundamental tone, and analyzes why direct env…
This paper addresses the selection of speech features for recognizing a limited vocabulary of words pronounced with pauses, a problem relevant to practical operator-machine communication. It proposes a feature system based on simple hardware-detectable signals associated with speech production: the …
This paper describes a specialized analog time-pulse computing device built on integrated circuits for calculating the reflux ratio in a chemical production control system. The design uses nonlinear function blocks for square-root extraction, a combined square-root and multiplication block, a summin…
This paper describes a device for recording experimental data from two analog sensor channels in digital form on magnetic tape for subsequent input to M-220M and M-222 computers using standard tape storage units. The authors present the system architecture, including a two-channel analog-to-digital …
The paper proposes a simplified device for monitoring the operability of a shift register when the period of shift pulses is stable. Instead of using a counter to measure the passage of a written one through the register, the method admits only the first shift pulse into a delay line and compares it…
The paper addresses the synthesis of universal automated control systems for classes of complex control objects, treating universality as an adaptive capability achieved through standardized structures and limited technical redundancy. It outlines a staged approach: typifying system structure by dec…
The paper considers how to specify probability distributions for heterogeneous request parameters arriving at the input of a universal automated monitoring system, treated as a multichannel queueing system. Because empirical data on monitored objects and parameter variation are often insufficient, t…
This paper develops a method for estimating the availability factor of digital information systems that use hardware monitoring when monitoring coverage is incomplete and the monitoring circuits themselves may fail. The authors model the operating equipment and monitoring unit as a continuous-time M…
This paper examines continuous self-diagnostics of digital devices by monitoring the correctness of selected pulse sequences that represent device states during operation. It argues that checking key states can provide practical fault detection and localization, and describes improved monitoring cir…
This paper surveys methods for automated synthesis of tests for digital devices, focusing on the difficulty caused by the large number of possible input actions and faults, especially in complex and sequential circuits. For combinational circuits, it compares functional, structural, analytical, and …
This paper develops a formal description and simulation procedure for digital devices represented as logical networks of elementary converters with specified connections, input and output poles, and element delays. It argues for binary asynchronous pulse-potential modeling as a way to study a broade…
The paper addresses the evaluation of hardware monitoring in digital devices when exhaustive directed fault enumeration is impractical for devices of arbitrary complexity. It formalizes a monitored digital network in terms of input vectors, internal states, faults, and an ideal versus realizable che…
This paper formulates equations for the motion of relativistic charged particles, especially protons, in matter under an external magnetic field, motivated by calculations of combined radiation shielding. Starting from the Lorentz force equation, it adds an effective resistance term representing ion…
This paper examines parameter selection for the thyristor actuating element of an AC voltage regulator using a step-up autotransformer, with particular attention to operation into a high-quality-factor resonant load. The authors derive operator-form expressions for load voltage and actuating-element…
This paper analyzes an AC voltage regulator using a transistor actuator in a bridge circuit with an autotransformer, rectifier bridge, feedback-controlled transistor, and active load. Under idealized assumptions for the transformer, diodes, and piecewise-linear transistor characteristics, it derives…
This paper addresses operational scheduling for continuous production complexes under automated process control, where conventional coordination based on industry average norms fails to reflect the dependence of section efficiency on load. It formulates the daily allocation problem using constraints…
This paper proposes a design-stage procedure for synthesizing a local optimal-control algorithm for relatively autonomous units in continuous chemical production within a decentralized automated process-control system. The approach combines static and dynamic models, beginning with decomposition of …
This paper proposes a geometric method for constructing root loci of closed-loop systems whose characteristic equation is a third-order equation with damping decrement not exceeding one. After reviewing the Evans graphical method and an analytical construction based on polynomial transformations, th…
This paper examines the determination of stability regions for stabilized DC voltage converters with pulse-width modulation using an analog computer. It develops analog-computer models for the pulse-width modulator, inverter, rectifier, and smoothing filter, deriving block diagrams from differential…
This paper examines the use of the root locus method for synthesizing combined tracking systems whose power and correcting channels must satisfy error compensation conditions for the first and second derivatives of the command input. It derives geometric properties of the initial root locus points f…
This paper analyzes a class of two-position switching DC voltage stabilizers in which transistor switching is governed by the choke current reaching zero and a saturation-current threshold set by the output-voltage control circuit. Under simplifying assumptions, the stabilizer dynamics are formulate…
This paper analyzes steady-state operation of a pulse dc voltage stabilizer with pulse-width modulation, represented as a relay control system under an external periodic sawtooth signal. Using relay-system theory, it derives conditions for the existence of the desired synchronous forced-oscillation …
This paper addresses the determination of periodic modes in two-dimensional nonlinear relay-pulse control systems with interacting channels, motivated by multichannel regulation of objects with more than one controlled parameter. It argues that, under suitable conditions, the harmonic-balance method…
The paper addresses the determination of periodic modes in discrete relay-pulse systems whose nonlinear element has a multivalued asymmetric relay characteristic with hysteresis. It extends the equivalent complex gain approach by accounting for dependence of the relay output on both the input sample…
The paper addresses the selection of an optimality criterion for choosing rational channel geometry in the die holder of extrusion screw machines used to apply rubber coverings to conductors and cable blanks. Starting from the general efficiency criterion of machine output under product quality cons…
This paper addresses the formulation of an economic efficiency criterion for controlling individual chemical apparatuses within automated production systems using control computers. It argues that apparatus-level control criteria should be oriented toward the overall profit of production, rather tha…
This paper proposes using pattern recognition methods to select heuristic algorithms for production scheduling problems whose combinatorial complexity makes exact optimization impractical. Order portfolios are represented by parameter vectors, and a training sequence of solved scheduling instances i…
The paper addresses the choice of efficiency criteria for automated operational planning at enterprises whose production process consists chiefly of testing incoming products from many customer enterprises. It argues that neither expert assessment alone nor criteria derived directly from a mathemati…
The paper systematizes methods for studying information flows in organizational management systems, addressing the difficulty of selecting appropriate approaches for management improvement and automated control system design. It defines information flows and related units such as functions, tasks, d…
The article addresses the problem of modeling an entire organization as a basis for developing automated control systems, rather than designing isolated subsystems. It proposes a nominal set of formal organizational structures, represented mainly as directed graphs, including organizational, functio…
The paper proposes a methodological approach to designing automated control systems for organizations, responding to perceived limitations in survey methods that focus narrowly on information flows and remain weakly connected to analysis and synthesis models. It argues that an organization should be…
The article proposes an electro-metamorphic hypothesis for the origin of earthquakes, developed in response to gravitational rupture models and theories attributing seismicity to solar-induced electrical discharges. It argues that earthquake foci are linked to zones where sedimentary rocks are being…
This paper proposes a mechanism for the formation of native gold films in ice lenses in permafrost regions, prompted by reported occurrences in ice veins at the Giant-Yellowknife deposit. It argues that during groundwater freezing, electric potentials arise at the ice and solution boundary, causing …
This paper examines the distribution and behavior of uranium and thorium in Devonian volcanogenic formations along the northeastern mountain margin of the North Minusinsk depression. Using chemical, petrochemical, and radiogeochemical data for effusive rocks, it distinguishes two genetically indepen…
This paper examines successive generations of magnetite in the gold, bismuth, and telluride bearing skarns of the Lebedskoye deposit as indicators of changing post-skarn formation conditions. Using textural and structural relations, chemical and spectral analyses, crystallochemical recalculations, p…
This paper examines the origin of fine, ocherous gold in oxidized ores of the Upper ore bodies at the Lebedinskoye gold-bearing skarn deposit in Altai. Using observations from mine workings and an open pit, the author describes the geological section, oxidation products, heavy-mineral concentrates, …
This paper examines the gold-bearing potential of quartz-rich rocks in the Altai-Sayan region, with emphasis on secondary quartzites and quartzolites as hydrothermal-metasomatic formations. Drawing on geological observations, mineralogical descriptions, assay data, and the distribution of ore-bearin…
This paper evaluates the use of neutron activation analysis for determining gold distribution at the Eldorado gold deposit in the Yenisei Ridge, where ore bodies are difficult to delineate by structural tracing alone. Based on 456 radioactivation analyses, with internal control tests indicating sati…
This study examines the distribution and morphology of accessory apatite in granitoids of the Mokhnatukhinsky and Kamensky massifs in the northwestern Rudny Altai, two Permian intrusive bodies of broadly similar petrographic and petrochemical composition but different structural settings. Using petr…
This paper examines the general geochemical specialization of intrusive and volcanogenic formations in the Talanovsky graben of the Kuznetsk Alatau, distinguishing trachyandesite, basalt andesite, and post Middle Devonian granosyenite formations. On the basis of about 2000 semiquantitative spectral …
