SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This study examines pyrolysis of gasoline fractions from Samotlor crude oil as potential feedstocks for monoolefin production in planned Western Siberian petrochemical complexes. The 32 to 120, 32 to 180, and 120 to 180°C fractions were characterized by group composition and processed in an enlarged…
This paper addresses the need for kinetic data on the catalytic interaction of carbon monoxide with water vapor, a reaction related to Fischer Tropsch synthesis for which satisfactory rate equations and mechanistic consensus were lacking. It describes a flow circulation, gradientless experimental ap…
This study examines the relationship between the onset of petroleum paraffin crystallization and the solidification of paraffin-containing oils from Western Siberia. Solidification temperatures were determined by loss of fluidity, while mass paraffin crystallization was followed through cooling curv…
This paper applies simplex experimental design to optimize hydrocarbon pyrolysis conditions for ethylene production from the 180 to 350°C fraction of Samotlor crude oil. Three process variables are varied: reactor outlet temperature, feed rate, and steam dilution, with ethylene yield used as the res…
This study examines structure formation in paraffin-containing crude oils from Western Siberia, focusing on viscosity-temperature behavior, heat treatment, holding time, and the kinetics of structural strengthening. Dynamic viscosity measurements and limiting shear stress measurements using a tangen…
The study examines the molecular-weight distribution of 9-vinylcarbazole telomers formed by radical telomerization in halogen-containing methanes using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. Telomer samples prepared in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrabromide, bromoform, and iodoform were…
This study examines the polymerization of 3-chloro-9-vinylcarbazole in solution under radical initiation by azobisisobutyronitrile and under catalysis by stannic chloride. Dilatometric kinetic measurements in benzene showed first-order dependence on monomer, half-order dependence on initiator, an ac…
This paper examines how the kinetics of surfactant adsorption affects electrochemical measurements by the APN method, where assuming adsorption equilibrium can lead to unreliable results. Using a simplified model in which adsorbed surfactant molecules block the cathodic process, do not affect amalga…
This paper examines methods for calculating the potential at the outer Helmholtz plane in the presence of organic surface-active substances adsorbed on an electrode. It compares calculations based on the Gouy-Chapman relation, a two-parallel-capacitor adsorption model, and shifts of the electrocapil…
The study examines the drying kinetics of the pharmaceutical preparations sulfadimethoxine and sulfadimezine under convective heat supply, addressing the need for data to select efficient continuous drying methods and calculate drying equipment. Experiments were performed with a DI-8 moisture meter …
This study examines the preparation of derivatives of 2′-formylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid, an intermediate of interest for biologically active and practical compounds, with emphasis on the isobutyl ester oxime. The authors systematically varied reaction temperature, duration, catalyst type and amoun…
This study examines the hydrolytic stability and solvent solubility of stampirin, a stearic acid antipyrilamide with reported anti-inflammatory activity, to support development of synthesis, purification, and analytical procedures. Hydrolysis was tested in water, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric a…
This study examines the application of gas chromatography to elemental analysis of oils, focusing on determination of carbon and hydrogen as principal oil components. An apparatus with a closed helium system was constructed, samples were combusted with nickel oxide at 900 to 950°C, water was convert…
This study examines the content and distribution of vanadium in true boiling point fractions of Western Siberian crude oils, motivated by its geochemical significance and its adverse effects in refining and high-temperature fuel use. Vanadium was quantitatively determined by neutron activation analy…
This study examines the decomposition of liquid hydrocarbons in high-voltage pulsed discharges as a route to acetylene, lower olefins, hydrogen, and carbonaceous products. Normal and branched paraffins, cycloparaffins, and aromatic hydrocarbons were treated using a pulse-voltage generator, and the g…
This study examines statistical relationships among crude oil specific gravity, coking capacity, and molecular weight in order to estimate properties that are difficult to determine directly. Using published and laboratory data for crude oils, the authors tested distribution normality, calculated pa…
This paper examines whether a limited set of routine physicochemical indices can be used to predict paraffin and resin-asphaltene contents in crude oils, reducing the need for extensive laboratory characterization during exploration and process design. Using experimental data for oils from eastern r…
This paper examines computational determination of octane and cetane numbers as an alternative to standardized engine and flash coincidence tests that require specialized equipment. Using accumulated standardized fuel data, the authors apply correlation analysis, linear multiple regression, and prin…
This study evaluates inexpensive iron-containing catalysts for synthesis from carbon monoxide and water vapor, a process for which catalyst selection had received little focused attention. Various industrial and laboratory catalysts, including Fischer-Tropsch iron-copper catalysts, fused iron, iron-…
This study examines emission currents in a contactless reduction cell as a possible indicator of surface processes during reactions between separated solid reactants, using graphite and iron oxide as model materials. A quartz cell with fixed sample spacing and electrometer measurement was used to de…
This study examines the reduction of iron oxides in peat ore fuel smelting moldings during heat treatment, focusing on the roles of gaseous, liquid, and solid products of peat pyrolysis. Using derivatographic gas evolution measurements, chromatographic analysis of carbon oxides, hydrogen, and methan…
This study examines changes in the carbon microstructure of solid residues formed during heat treatment of peat and peat ore briquettes containing iron oxides. Samples were heated in a laboratory shaft furnace up to 1200°C, deashed, and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, with particular attention to the…
This study examines how heat treatment and iron oxide additions affect the porous structure of peat-based moldings. Samples of high-moor peat and peat with finely dispersed iron oxide were heated in a laboratory shaft furnace, then analyzed by mercury intrusion porosimetry over an effective pore-rad…
This study examines how pressure affects the composition of products formed in catalytic synthesis from carbon monoxide and steam. Experiments were conducted over an iron-copper catalyst on kieselguhr at 255°C and pressures of 10, 50, and 100 atm, with analysis of liquid product properties and the h…
This paper examines the component composition of liquid products formed by synthesis from carbon monoxide and water vapor, with attention to hydrocarbons, alcohols, and acids. Using gas liquid chromatography, including temperature programmed packed columns and capillary column analysis with retentio…
This paper evaluates selected demulsifiers for desalting and dehydration of typical crude oil from the Tomsk Petrochemical Plant, emphasizing the need for laboratory selection because demulsifier performance depends on crude composition and treatment conditions. Domestic reagents OZhK and KAUFE-14 a…
This study characterizes gas condensate from the North-Silginskoye field in Tomsk Oblast through fractional distillation, physicochemical measurements, and group and structural group hydrocarbon analysis. The condensate is a light, low sulfur, resin free material dominated by paraffinic hydrocarbons…
This study evaluates the availability of light hydrocarbons, C3 to C5, in crude oil supplied through the Aleksandrovskoye to Anzhero-Sudzhensk pipeline for use as pyrolysis feedstock at the Tomsk Petrochemical Plant. Oil samples collected in July and December 1972 at upstream pipeline points and at …
This paper reports a technological characterization of stable gas condensate from the Urengoy gas condensate field, using hot stabilization followed by fractional distillation and analysis of physicochemical and group hydrocarbon composition. The condensate is described as low density, low viscosity…
This study examines the group and structural group composition of middle and heavy petroleum fractions from the Sovetskoe and Samotlor fields in the Nizhnevartovsk region of Western Siberia. Fifty degree kerosene, gas oil, and oil cuts were separated by adsorption chromatography on silica gel into m…
This paper characterizes crude oil from the Var-Yegan field through distillation data, physicochemical measurements, and group hydrocarbon composition of commercial and higher-boiling fractions. The oil is described as low-density, low-sulfur, low-viscosity, resinous, paraffinic, and rich in gasolin…
This study examines normal alkane hydrocarbons in oils from the Sovetskoye and Samotlor fields of Western Siberia, with attention to their distribution across light, middle, and heavy distillation fractions. Narrow fractions were analyzed using adsorption on molecular sieves, urea complex formation,…
This study examines the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the 200 to 300°C kerosene and gas oil fraction of Samotlor crude oil, with attention to their structural group composition. The aromatic fraction was isolated after removal of heteroorganic and oxygen-containing compounds, separated by liqu…
This study examines the chemical nature and thermal behavior of resin and asphaltene fractions isolated from Sovetskoe and Samotlor crude oils in Western Siberia. Using elemental and functional analysis, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, selective solvent extraction, derivatography, and gas …
The study examines gas evolution during the thermal decomposition of two Western Siberian peats, a sedge lowland peat and a complex raised peat, under inert conditions with linear heating and chromatographic analysis of gaseous products. It compares the temperature-dependent formation of CO2, CO, CH…
This study examines how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from the organic matter of two West Siberian peats are redistributed into volatile products during thermal decomposition. Analytical samples of raised-bog and lowland peat were heated at a constant rate to selected temperatures between 150 and 500…
This study examines the redistribution of nitrogen during thermal decomposition of raised-bog and lowland peat, a problem relevant to peat processing and interpretations of coal formation. One-gram samples were heated in quartz tubes at 5 degrees per minute to temperatures between 200 and 550°C, and…
This paper examines how iron oxide additives affect the reactivity and structural properties of solid products formed during peat coking. Using wet oxidation with orthophosphoric acid and potassium dichromate, the study determines activation energies for oxidation of peat coke and peat-ore material …
This paper analyzes how processing conditions affect the strength of peat thermal briquettes, using a previously proposed mechanism of thermal briquetting as the interpretive framework. It discusses the roles of heating temperature, holding time before pressing, pressing pressure, holding time under…
This paper examines the physical and technological characteristics of high-frequency torch discharges for plasma-chemical applications, emphasizing their advantages over induction discharges in metallic apparatus. It summarizes experimental findings on gas and electron temperatures, electron concent…
The paper examines the service life of high-frequency torch plasmatrons used for plasmochemical processes, focusing on electrode erosion as a limiting factor. Experiments with cooled and uncooled electrodes made from steel, copper, and tungsten were conducted in an air torch discharge using a 10 kW,…
This study examines how selected manufacturing parameters affect the stability of S-shaped mainsprings for wristwatches, understood as the persistence of torque characteristics and free spring form over time. Experimental batches of cobalt alloy springs of several sizes were produced with varied man…
This article examines how waviness and bends in S-shaped mainsprings affect the accuracy characteristics of wristwatches. Using mass-produced Polet 2409 watches, the authors compared a defect-free spring with a spring exhibiting waviness and kinks, recording torque, balance amplitude, and instantane…
This paper formulates the determination of principal dimensions for a planar cam mechanism with a translationally moving cam and an oscillating follower as a nonlinear programming problem constrained by admissible pressure angles. Using the phase curve of the prescribed follower motion, it derives l…
The paper addresses the determination of the principal dimensions of cam mechanisms under prescribed pressure angle constraints, a task commonly solved by graphical phase diagrams or by less general analytical approximations. It critiques methods that assume extreme pressure angles occur at extrema …
This paper describes a characterograph designed to study the dynamic characteristics of thermoelectric detectors under laboratory conditions without exposure to electromagnetic radiation fields. The method models heating at thermopile junctions through the Peltier effect, then records the decay of t…
This paper proposes a method for studying the dynamic properties of non-armored thermoelectric detectors by replacing optical heating with a temperature gradient produced through the Peltier effect. The authors model stationary and transient heat conduction in thermopiles with lap-welded and butt-we…
This paper analyzes the static characteristics of an autotransformer electromechanical AC voltage regulator consisting of a step-up autotransformer, bridge rectifier, and electromechanical amplifier with feedback control. Using operational circuit equations and a current-cutoff model for rectifier o…
This paper examines the synthesis of autonomous homogeneous multivariable control systems whose identical channels are coupled through symmetric dynamic cross-connections, as in parallel generators, reactor control, and blast distribution systems. It develops a decomposition-based approach in which …
This paper addresses reconstruction of a continuously distributed spatial parameter inside an object from a limited set of discrete sensor readings, with emphasis on algorithms suitable for use in automatic control. The authors decompose the three-dimensional interpolation problem into planar interp…
