SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This paper addresses the analytical approximation of a typical nonlinear characteristic that passes through the origin and approaches a finite saturation value. It proposes a one-parameter formula chosen to preserve these limiting features, with the parameter determined from a selected point on the …
This paper proposes an engineering calculation method for a series ferroresonant circuit with resistance, nonlinear inductance, and capacitance, focusing on the determination of critical currents at the boundary between stable and unstable equilibrium. Starting from a known stability condition for t…
This paper examines rational laws for frequency control of asynchronous motor speed, with emphasis on dynamic performance during starting under limits on stator current and absolute slip. Using electromagnetic transient equations in a rotating coordinate system, the authors model frequency-current c…
This paper estimates the error introduced by neglecting heater thickness and thermal inertia in determining thermal conductivity by the steady heat flow method. The authors model the heater as a thin plate adjacent to a semi-infinite specimen, formulate the coupled heat conduction problem, and use a…
This paper estimates the error introduced in the constant-power source method when a finite cylindrical specimen is used to imitate a semi-infinite body for determining thermophysical parameters of insulating materials. The authors formulate the transient heat-conduction problem for a cylinder heate…
This paper describes a technology for manufacturing twist drills of 20 mm and larger from cast high-speed-steel waste rather than conventional hot-rolled bar stock. The authors remelted scrap and chips of R6M3 and R12 steels in induction furnaces, adjusted alloy composition with high-carbon high-spe…
This study examines how quenching cooling rate affects the strength, hardness, microstructure, and impact toughness of hot-work die steels 4Kh8V2 and 3Kh2V8. Specimens were quenched from selected temperatures in water, oil, air, sand, or by interrupted quenching, then tempered at low and high temper…
This paper analyzes how design and operating parameters affect the technical productivity of slotting machines used to prepare frozen ground for excavation. It derives productivity equations incorporating machine travel speed, slot depth, soil and freezing coefficients, slot layout geometry, and tim…
This paper examines a combined method for preparing frozen soil for excavation, in which longitudinal slot cutting is paired with simultaneous breakaway destruction of the rib between slots. It argues that reducing the slot area required per unit volume of prepared soil can raise the productivity of…
This paper develops a calculation method for the specific cutting resistance of frozen soil excavated by a chain bar working tool. Starting from experimental relations between chain pulling force, machine feed speed, feed force, friction, and soil transport resistance, the authors derive expressions…
This paper examines how cutting resistance varies when frozen soil is cut across the frost-depth layer, emphasizing the influence of temperature, moisture, and depth-dependent mechanical properties on loads acting on cutting tools. Using field observations of frozen loam and measurements of cutting …
This paper examines the dynamic coefficient, or vibration amplification factor, for an elastic system equipped with an impact damper operating near resonance. Treating the damper action as equivalent to viscous friction, the authors derive expressions relating the dynamic coefficient to the mass rat…
This paper describes a device for instantaneously stopping the cutting process during drilling in order to study built-up-edge formation, especially when coolant is supplied internally through the rotating drill. The proposed fixture uses a lightweight rotating part released by a lever mechanism and…
This paper examines how coolant delivery method and pressure affect cutting temperature during drilling of several steels with high-speed steel drills. Experiments used 23 mm drills with internal coolant holes on a modified vertical drilling machine, measuring temperature by the natural thermocouple…
This paper addresses the experimental separation of cutting forces acting on the flank face of a tool in face milling, a component important for force calculations and assessment of flank wear. It proposes an accelerated variant of Rozenberg’s extrapolation method, using instantaneous measurements o…
This paper examines chip formation in constrained metal cutting by two conjugate cutting edges when the tool point angle exceeds 90 degrees, a case identified as common but insufficiently studied. Using rapid tool withdrawal to preserve chip roots, the authors analyze chip sections from machining te…
This paper examines chip formation in non-free cutting of ductile metals when two cutting edges act and the tool tip included angle is 90 degrees or less, a case not adequately described by earlier schemes based on independent action of the main and auxiliary edges. Experiments on Armco iron using r…
This paper examines how the adhesive properties of tool material affect cutting forces during free planing at very low cutting speeds, where thermal effects can largely be neglected. Beryllium bronze specimens were planed with uncoated, rake-face chromium-plated, and fully chromium-plated bronze cut…
This paper examines the use of semiconductor strain gauges in elastic electrical dynamometers for measuring cutting-force components under conditions close to actual metal-cutting production. It describes the design and testing of a two-component dynamometric table with increased rigidity, bridge-co…
This paper addresses stress concentration around side openings in thin-walled pressure shells, where local plastic deformation may occur under internal pressure. It presents an experimental-analytical procedure based on hardness measurements, converting a measured hardness field into stress intensit…
This paper examines the use of hardness measurements to determine stress and strain states in metal parts operating at elevated temperature, such as high-pressure boiler drums. Using tensile tests on steels 22K, 16GNM, and 16GNMA at room temperature and 350°C, the authors construct calibration relat…
This paper examines whether indentation hardness can be used as a common indicator of stress intensity and strain intensity for metals subjected to biaxial stress states at large plastic deformations. Solid cylindrical specimens of steels, copper, and brass were loaded by combined axial force and to…
This paper investigates how the plasticity of metals depends on the rigidity of the stress state, expressed through a coefficient relating hydrostatic pressure to stress intensity. Experiments were performed under simple loading in biaxial stress states on low-plasticity LS-59 brass and D-1 duralumi…
This paper investigates the stress and strain state of the hub of a turbine disk made from EI437B steel after failure during turbine installation testing. The authors apply a hardness based method for plastic deformation analysis, using compression tests on similarly heat treated specimens to calibr…
The paper investigates the distribution of deformation during upsetting of hollow cylinders, a problem relevant to the design of forging operations. Using 15Kh steel specimens with different geometric ratios and degrees of upsetting, the authors determine strain intensity from Brinell hardness measu…
This study examines the stability and relaxation kinetics of grinding-induced residual stresses in flat steel specimens subjected to asymmetric cyclic bending. Residual stresses in steels 45 and ShKh15 were inferred from specimen warping after surface grinding, then monitored during pulsator tests w…
This paper presents an experimental and analytical method for determining stresses in sheet rolling, addressing the difficulty of obtaining boundary conditions and direct stress measurements in the deformation zone. The method combines distortion measurements from a rectangular coordinate grid inser…
A computational procedure is presented for interpreting polarization-optical stress analysis data without directly measuring transverse model deformations. The method derives hydrostatic pressure at grid nodes by numerically integrating equilibrium equations expressed through fringe order, fringe va…
This paper addresses the determination of elastic initial displacement of contacting surfaces under complex shear loading, where the sequence of applied forces affects displacement and simple superposition is not applicable. The authors propose a graphical construction that derives displacement path…
This paper examines energy dissipation in frictional contacts where surface machining marks introduce directional roughness and mechanical anisotropy. Static experiments on steel, copper, and lead specimens, together with a model representing the rough surface as ellipsoidal asperities distributed b…
This paper develops a quantitative model for elastic presliding displacement of rough contacting surfaces with directional machining marks. Treating surface asperities as ellipsoids and using contact mechanics results for elliptical contact areas, it derives expressions for displacement along and ac…
This study examines how elastic constants change during plastic drawing of 20Kh steel, addressing earlier uncertainty about the qualitative and quantitative character of such changes. Large cylindrical specimens were subjected to repeated unloading and loading cycles on a testing machine, with longi…
This paper examines whether the normal elastic modulus remains constant during plastic deformation, a question relevant to assumptions used in plasticity theory. The authors review earlier evidence of changes in elastic constants and report tensile experiments in which specimens were unloaded and re…
This paper examines how Poisson’s ratio, understood as the coefficient of transverse deformation, changes beyond the elastic range and how it should be used in strength calculations for deformation and fracture. The authors critique the assumption that the brittleness coefficient, defined as the rat…
The paper addresses the problem of maintaining simple loading during experiments on large plastic deformation, where conventional stepwise correction after deformation measurements can violate the required constancy of the principal stress ratio. It develops loading programs for thin walled tubular …
This paper examines the dynamic properties of an electrohydraulic servo drive using a G68-13 converter, with attention to ways of improving response speed and stability. A fourth-order linearized mathematical model of the converter is derived from the motion and continuity equations, and its frequen…
This paper addresses the kinematic analysis and synthesis of complex planar mechanisms, focusing on class IV mechanisms and the limitations of graphical and analytical calculation methods. It presents an analog computer modeling approach based on decomposing a mechanism into interconnected oblique t…
The paper addresses evaluation of the charging efficiency of capacitive energy storage devices used in pulsed current sources, with attention to losses that become significant in high-power systems. It develops an analytical model for capacitor charging from a three-phase controlled bridge rectifier…
This paper formulates the construction of academic class timetables as a scheduling problem using matrix representations of instructor assignments, instructor availability, group availability, classroom availability, and the resulting schedule. It describes a sequential algorithm that checks necessa…
This paper examines how the radial density function of a random packing of equal, nonintersecting spheres can be determined using digital simulation rather than physical models. A unit cube is filled according to a previously described packing algorithm at discrete densities from 0.0104 to 0.229, an…
This paper examines how boundary effects distort density estimates in digital simulations of random packings of nonintersecting equal spheres in a finite cube. The authors propose a boundary transfer method, comparing the density of the simulated unit cube with that of an inner cube set back from th…
This paper describes computer algorithms for generating random dense packings of equal spheres in a cubic domain by sequentially placing each new sphere at randomly selected horizontal coordinates and lowering it into contact with previously packed spheres. Two search procedures for finding a low ad…
This paper presents a digital simulation method for random low density packings of equal diameter spheres, treating sphere centers as uniformly distributed random points while excluding overlaps. The proposed sequential algorithm generates three dimensional random coordinates inside a unit cube, tes…
A numerical method is proposed for selecting the optimal granulometric composition of composite material aggregates, especially concrete, in order to maximize packing density and reduce binder consumption. The approach uses a probabilistic geometric model of random packings of rigid spheres with dif…
This paper addresses operational production scheduling for sequencing part processing on machines under specified start and completion time constraints, with particular attention to minimizing equipment idle time. Building on a previously described heuristic schedule construction method, it proposes…
This paper addresses operational calendar scheduling for small-batch and single-piece production, where many parts with different routes must be processed on limited equipment and delivered to subsequent production stages on time. It proposes a heuristic algorithm for constructing a shop or section …
The paper addresses the problem of reducing large graph models while preserving essential topology and metric information, motivated by operational planning and control systems where specified vertices must be excluded from a network model. It proposes an iterative coarsening algorithm that selects …
This paper proposes an algorithm for ordered recoding of graph vertices, addressing the conflict between meaningful multi-digit vertex codes used in network design and compact continuous numbering preferred for computer processing. The method modifies Kahn’s topological sorting procedure to identify…
This paper addresses the difficulty of calculating and updating standard production costs for complex machine-building products whose components and manufacturing norms are subject to frequent change. It proposes representing a product structure as a directed graph, with vertices corresponding to de…
The paper proposes an improved machine algorithm for calculating calendar launch and output plans in discrete production network models. Motivated by practical limitations of a previous method on the Ural-11B computer, the authors replace cumbersome variable-length plan records with compact position…
