SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This study examines the stress and strain state produced during axisymmetric upsetting of cylindrical specimens, with particular attention to the validity of the Haar and Kármán assumption that the circumferential stress equals one of the principal stresses in meridional planes. The authors use hard…
This paper examines why flow curves obtained under simple shear or torsion may differ from those obtained under tension or compression in isotropic metals. Treating simple shear as a form of complex loading with continuous rotation of the stress tensor axes relative to material particles, the author…
This paper presents an experimental study of large plastic deformations of metals under complex loading with rotation of the stress tensor axes and constant stress intensity. Using a specimen method that permits substantially increased deformation, the authors tested paired specimens under combined …
The paper develops and evaluates an experimental methodology for studying large plastic deformations under complex stress states, addressing limitations of thin-walled tube tests and cube compression methods such as instability, frictional inhomogeneity, and measurement difficulty. The proposed appr…
This paper studies values of L(1, χD) for real Dirichlet characters when the modulus D is restricted to sparse arithmetic progressions and related sets. Using estimates for double sums with quadratic Dirichlet characters, it derives a main lemma reducing asymptotics for moments of modified L-values …
This study examines the preparation and polymerization of 9-vinylcarbazole for producing poly-9-vinylcarbazole with electrophotographic applications. The authors improved monomer synthesis by carrying out vacuum pyrolysis without isolating the intermediate, increasing the yield to about 75 to 80%, a…
The study examines the reaction of 3-methylcarbazole with vinyl acetate in acetone in the presence of potassium hydroxide, focusing on how reaction conditions affect product formation. By varying temperature and catalyst amount and applying quantitative analysis based on differential hydrolytic stab…
This paper examines the chemization of the Soviet national economy as a major direction of scientific and technological progress, emphasizing its dependence on electrification, mechanization, automation, and expanded chemical production. Using Western Siberia as a case, it argues that mineral fertil…
This study examines heat transfer and hydraulic resistance in tube-in-tube heat exchangers using spirally low-finned tubes for chemical and petroleum-refining applications. Laboratory experiments compared nineteen finned tubes with one smooth tube under longitudinal flow of air or water in the annul…
This paper examines why ilmenite grains from a Western Siberian titanium placer show differing magnetic properties, with particular attention to clayey organo-mineral films deposited on grain surfaces. The authors compare altered ilmenite, leucoxene, and authigenic rutile by chemical composition, sp…
This paper examines the geochemical role of natural organic matter on ilmenite surfaces in titanium-zirconium placer ores, with particular attention to its bonding with iron during supergene alteration. The study compares the dissolution of iron oxide from initial ilmenite, alkali-treated ilmenite, …
This paper examines whether the degree of molecular association in hydrogen bonded liquids can be estimated from the temperature dependence of viscosity. It interprets the activation heat of viscous flow as reflecting the effective molecular weight of associated particles, calibrates this relation u…
The paper investigates the use of the weakly basic anion exchanger AN-2F for separating and preconcentrating trace iron prior to photometric determination in materials associated with phosphor production. Sorption and desorption of divalent and trivalent iron chloride complexes were studied as funct…
This paper examines methods for obtaining hydrochloric acid sufficiently free of iron for highly sensitive determinations of microimpurities at levels down to 10^-6 to 10^-8 percent. The authors compare repeated distillation, isothermal distillation, and chromatographic purification, measuring resid…
This paper develops an extraction-photometric procedure for determining the total content of heavy metals in demineralized water using sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. Heavy metals are converted to carbaminate complexes at pH 7 to 7.5, extracted into chloroform, displaced by copper ions to form copper…
This paper refines a photometric method for determining trace iron as an alpha,alpha prime-dipyridyl complex and adapts it to hydrofluoric acid, antimony trioxide, and ammonium hydrogen phosphate used in producing the L-34 phosphor. The procedure uses hydrochloric acid treatment, a complexing reduci…
The study addresses the shortage of coal-tar pitch for electrode coke production by examining possible pitch substitutes under the conditions of the Kemerovo by-product coke plant. It compares air oxidation of pitch distillates, anthracene fractions, crude anthracene, and mixtures with soft pitch, a…
This paper examines ways to intensify granulation of coal blends for coking, addressing the low productivity, excessive rolling time, and adhesion problems associated with earlier water or tar granulation methods. Laboratory experiments used a pan granulator and vibratory feeder to form nuclei from …
This paper examines secondary reactions in the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon monoxide and steam, with particular attention to whether hydrocarbons formed in the process can undergo steam conversion under synthesis conditions. The authors calculate equilibrium constants for a series of h…
This study examines how temperature and space velocity affect hydrocarbon formation during synthesis from carbon monoxide and water vapor over an industrial cobalt, thorium catalyst. Using chromatographic analysis of gases and products sampled along a reactor bed, the authors measured carbon monoxid…
This study examines the production of lump fuel from Itat brown coal by thermobriquetting as a possible means of expanding usable brown-coal resources. Laboratory briquetting tests varied heating temperature, pressure, holding time, and particle size, followed by measurements of crushing resistance,…
The paper studies conditions under which systems of ordinary differential equations with a principal positively homogeneous term admit proper guiding functions in the sense of Krasnosel’skii. It proves a necessary and sufficient criterion for constructing a homogeneous function with a prescribed pos…
This study examines the suitability of peats from the Vasyugan deposit for producing fuel-smelting, peat-ore molded materials and evaluates how raw peat properties and preparation conditions affect mechanical strength. Ten peat samples were characterized by technical and elemental analyses, disperse…
This study examines how molding pressure and heating rate affect the strength of coke produced from lump peat and peat based fuel-smelting materials containing iron ore. Specimens made from Tagan peat, with and without Bakchar iron ore, were molded at pressures from 2 to 20 kgf/cm², dried, heated to…
This paper evaluates peat deposits in Tomsk Oblast as a potential fuel and fuel-smelting raw material for metallurgical processing of Bakchar iron ores. Ten peat samples from major nearby deposits were characterized by botanical composition, decomposition degree, proximate and elemental analysis, as…
This study examines the feasibility of producing small-lump peat from hydraulically extracted peat hydromass after preliminary dewatering, as a potentially cheaper alternative to conventional lump peat production. Laboratory experiments with Vasyugan peats of different decomposition degrees compared…
This paper examines the preliminary dewatering of highly moist peat hydromass by filtration through an artificial porous partition. Using sedge-hypnum peat from the Tagan deposit with varying degrees of decomposition, the authors analyze filtration rate, sediment resistance, and pore clogging behavi…
This study examines the use of ultrasound to intensify alkaline extraction of humic acids from lowland peat, a process limited by low yields under conventional conditions. Peat samples were treated with dilute alkali under varied sonication times, temperatures, moisture contents, reagent ratios, alk…
This study examines tar produced during semi-coking of peat-based fuel-smelting materials containing peat, iron ore, and limestone flux, with the aim of assessing its composition for potential chemical utilization. The tar was dehydrated, dissolved in benzene, and fractionated by adsorption chromato…
This study examines volatile phenols in resins formed during laboratory thermal decomposition of Vasyugan peat at 600, 700, and 800°C, with the aim of developing isolation and gas liquid chromatographic identification procedures. Phenols were extracted with caustic soda, steam distilled, separated w…
This study examines extraction of humic acids from peat of the Tagan deposit in Tomsk Oblast as a basis for practical and industrial production. The authors experimentally evaluated the effects of alkaline reagent type and concentration, peat to solution ratio, temperature, treatment duration, commi…
This paper reports balance experiments on formaldehyde purification of benzene toluene fractions from thiophene, carried out in a five liter washing apparatus using fractions of comparatively unfavorable composition. Two process variants are compared: combined sulfuric acid and formaldehyde treatmen…
This study examines the effect of temperature on formaldehyde purification of a crude benzene toluene fraction from thiophene in the presence of sulfuric acid, with particular attention to the mobility and yield of high molecular weight condensation products. Laboratory experiments compared treatmen…
This study examines the formaldehyde method for removing thiophene from an unwashed benzene, toluene fraction of crude coal benzene, with the aim of combining deep desulfurization with ordinary sulfuric acid washing. Laboratory experiments tested reagent order, sulfuric acid concentration, formalin …
A method is described for preparing m-iodobenzoic acid by direct iodination of benzoic acid with elemental iodine in the presence of ozone. The study examines how ozone concentration, temperature, solvent amount, gas flow rate, iodine addition, reaction time, and acid additive affect product yield, …
A quantitative analytical procedure is described for determining 9-acylcarbazoles, motivated by studies of reactions involving carbazole derivatives and complex vinyl ethers. The method adapts alkaline saponification to these compounds by refluxing a sample with 0.1 N potassium hydroxide in 50% meth…
The study examines the reaction of 3-chlorocarbazole with vinyl acetate in acetone in the presence of potassium hydroxide, focusing on the competing formation of 3-chloro-9-(alpha-acetoxyethyl)carbazole and 3-chloro-9-acetylcarbazole. A quantitative hydrolysis-based method was developed to distingui…
The study examines how substituents affect the reactivity of carbazole derivatives in alkaline oxyethylation with ethylene oxide, a reaction forming 9-(beta-hydroxyethyl)carbazoles. Using a competing reaction method with 3-nitrocarbazole and photocolorimetric measurement of its colored anion, the au…
This study examines how hydrogen bonding with methanol affects the ultraviolet absorption spectra of carbazole and 3,6-dichlorocarbazole, with attention to shifts associated with the imino group as a proton donor. Spectra were recorded in isooctane, methanol, and mixed isooctane, methanol solvents, …
This paper reports the synthesis of a series of esters of 9-(beta-hydroxyethyl)carbazole and its 3-chloro and 3,6-dichloro derivatives, motivated by their potential use in preparing 9-vinylcarbazole and possible physiological activity. The authors compare esterification approaches, including reactio…
The study examines the reaction of sulfuryl chloride with carbazole and 9-(beta-hydroxyethyl)carbazole in acetylating media, focusing on conditions for preparing chlorinated and acetylated carbazole derivatives. Variation of solvent composition, temperature, and reaction time showed that carbazole g…
This study examines the acidic properties of the imino group in carbazole, indole, and several substituted carbazoles, motivated by the need to characterize protolytic equilibria relevant to reactions involving replacement of N-H hydrogen. Acid ionization constants were determined by an indicator me…
An asymptotic method is developed for weakly nonlinear one-dimensional distributed systems with dispersion, aimed at problems of wave propagation and interaction where expansions in normal modes with time-dependent parameters are insufficient. The approach represents multiwave quasiharmonic solution…
This study addresses the analytical determination of 9-vinylcarbazole in the presence of carbazole, a mixture for which the mercuric acetate addition method gives unreliable results because carbazole also reacts under the assay conditions. The authors develop a hydrolytic oximation procedure in meth…
This study examines how the structural nature of initial carbon materials affects catalytic diamond synthesis under high pressure and temperature. Using carbyne, graphitizing and non-graphitizing polymer cokes, and several carbon blacks, the authors compare diamond yields, electrical-resistance kine…
The paper extends Lyapunov’s transfinite R-process for Delta-Sigma operations from chains of depth omega to full chains of depth omega_nu over systems of sets of strongly inaccessible cardinality tau. It defines omega_nu-conjunctive and disjunctive extensions, associated R and T operations, derivati…
This paper examines how manufacturing tolerances in the principal components of two-phase induction micromachines with hollow rotors affect output parameters relevant to interchangeability, including starting current, starting torque, and theoretical no-load speed. It develops a first-order influenc…
This paper examines technological sources of the zero signal in hollow-rotor induction tachogenerators, with emphasis on magnetic asymmetry of the stator magnetic-core stacks. It derives approximate expressions relating zero signal to harmonics of magnetic reluctance nonuniformity and then evaluates…
The paper argues that existing artificial lighting standards can be inappropriate for visual tasks performed on transilluminated screens or by transmitted light, where additional workplace illumination may reduce rather than improve visibility. Drawing on contrast principles and examples from cathod…
This paper investigates how temperature affects the impulse breakdown voltage of polytetrafluoroethylene and low- and high-density polyethylene in a nonuniform rod-plane electric field. Rectangular polymer specimens were tested in transformer oil under single positive voltage pulses with front steep…
