SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This paper revisits the kinematics of sea waves and reinterprets earlier parametric equations for wind-wave profiles that had used an auxiliary ellipse to describe deviations from trochoidal form. By combining expressions for wave current, drift current, and orbital particle motion, it shows that th…
This note treats radiation diffusion in a semi-infinite medium with isotropic scattering and possible absorption, a problem relevant to stellar and planetary atmospheres and to water basins. It shows that cases differing only in the distribution of radiation sources can be reduced to a common integr…
This paper analyzes the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a gravitational field by rewriting the vacuum field equations near finite masses in a form analogous to Maxwell equations for a moving anisotropic medium. Using geometrical optics and Rytov’s method, it derives a generalized eikonal equ…
This study investigates the previously unobserved germanium L-series lines L beta 3 and L beta 4, associated with transitions from the L I level to the M III and M II levels. Using a Krasnikov-type X-ray tube, a high-vacuum spectrograph with a bent mica crystal, and photographic microphotometry of h…
This paper examines the electrolytic dissociation of complex compounds formed by tin tetrahalides and antimony trihalides with aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, esters, and related oxygen-containing organic substances. To test proposed dissociation schemes, the authors studied ion transport during ele…
The paper investigates the mechanism of cyclohexanone oximation by sodium hydroxylaminemonosulfonate under acidic conditions, a reaction relevant to industrial hydroxylamine chemistry but not previously mechanistically described. The authors propose an acid-catalyzed pathway in which protonated cycl…
This paper examines true and apparent equilibria in ion exchange between streptomycin ions and carboxylic cation exchangers in sodium and hydrogen forms. Static sorption experiments with KB-4 and KFU resins show that low sodium ion concentrations can produce false equilibria, attributed to slow diff…
This study examines the role of copper chloride complex compounds and the cations of complex-forming chlorides in the catalytic polymerization of acetylene and related acetylenic hydrocarbons. By isolating and characterizing crystalline complexes formed in CuCl, MCl solutions and measuring changes i…
This paper studies singular perturbations of elliptic boundary value problems in which small parameters multiply the highest derivatives and the limiting equation has odd order, including the case of a second-order elliptic equation degenerating into a first-order Cauchy problem. The authors constru…
This paper studies covering area questions for functions regular in an annulus whose logarithmic derivative has winding number at least one around nontrivial contours. It revises an earlier notion of the “star” of the Riemann surface associated with such mappings, giving a construction by nested cut…
This study determines the oxidation reduction potentials of p-oxyphenylglycine, a photographic developing agent, over a range of pH values in order to test relationships predicted by the electrochemical theory of photographic development. Potentiometric oxidative titrations were performed at 25 °C u…
The paper develops a real-variable formulation for transient electromechanical processes in asynchronous machines that avoids the periodic coefficients appearing in phase-coordinate equations. Using Park transformations for stator and rotor quantities in a rotating d, q, 0 coordinate system with arb…
The paper investigates conditions for diazotizing weakly basic, poorly water soluble 2-p-aminoarylindones in order to prepare previously undescribed azo dyes containing an indene ring. After unsuccessful trials in acetic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid media, the authors develop a procedure usin…
In the first part of this article, we examine in detail fixed-field strong-focusing accelerators with both radial and spiral sectors. In the second part, the theory of orbits in these accelerators is developed. The third part contains a description of an annular phasotron with radial sectors for an …
The paper studies convergence of a modified Galerkin method for linear boundary-value problems and abstract operator equations under weaker assumptions than earlier treatments requiring a positive definite self-adjoint principal operator. It constructs trial functions satisfying the boundary conditi…
A theoretical and experimental study is presented of current distribution and polarization in plane liquid diffusion electrodes with uniform porosity, accounting for finite electrode thickness and concentration changes of reacting species through the pores. The authors derive a macrokinetic equation…
This study examines regularities in the titanium X-ray K-emission spectra of titanium oxides and titanates, with particular attention to whether satellite lines arise from cross transitions involving anion electrons and how their intensities depend on local polarization. Using a focusing X-ray tube …
This study examines how the reaction medium affects hydrogen adsorbed on skeletal nickel and platinum catalysts during hydrogenation with pre-sorbed hydrogen. Using sodium maleate and o-nitrophenol as hydrogen acceptors, the authors varied alkali and acid concentrations, temperature, and catalyst ty…
This paper examines the stability of a nonvertical stationary motion of an axisymmetric rigid body suspended from an absolutely flexible, massless string and rotating with constant angular velocity about a vertical axis. Using Lagrange equations with generalized coordinates describing the string and…
This paper studies the convergence class for expansions of entire functions in polynomial systems biorthogonal to a prescribed sequence of linear functionals. Under asymptotic conditions on the functions defining the functionals and smooth growth assumptions on a scaling sequence, it constructs an a…
This paper examines the number of unit constituents needed to describe and ensure the operating state of relay-contact circuits whose elements act on a given actuating element once per cycle. It argues that the conventional maximum of \(2^n - 1\) constituents includes superfluous terms produced by u…
This study examines the rheological properties of protective surface layers formed at oil and water interfaces, which are implicated in the stability of petroleum emulsions. Using a torsion-pendulum method with corrections for bulk-phase resistance, the authors analyze deformation behavior and chara…
This note develops an analogue of Mikusiński’s operational calculus for the operator obtained by applying differentiation to t times differentiation, which is closely related to the Bessel operator after a change of variables in Bessel’s equation. It defines a convolution-type multiplication on a cl…
The review considers the results achieved over the past several years in understanding the collective nature of characteristic energy losses observed in the scattering of fast electrons by thin solid films. We begin with what is meant by collective and what by individual energy losses. The discussio…
This note studies spectral expansion for self-adjoint operators on the half-line generated by a system of second-order differential expressions with a summable real symmetric matrix potential and a Hermitian boundary condition at the origin. Using a method of M. A. Naimark, the author constructs asy…
This study examines the role of transport phenomena in the chromatography of divalent and trivalent ions over concentrations from 0.1 to 10^-9 N, using carrier-free radioactive cerium-144 and strontium-89 on a KU-2 cation-exchange column. Radiometric tracking of ion fronts was compared with calculat…
This paper examines the use of an electrostatic difference field for spectroscopy of charged-particle beams, with the aim of increasing dispersion while preserving focusing in compact ion-optical instruments. The authors derive first-order focusing and dispersion relations, discuss second-order aber…
This study examines proton magnetic relaxation in nonaqueous solutions of paramagnetic salts, focusing on cases where rapid hydrogen exchange is absent or involves only a minority of solvent protons. Measurements of longitudinal relaxation times were made at room temperature in acetone and alcohol s…
This paper studies stationary rotations of a heavy rigid body with one fixed point when the center of gravity lies on a principal axis and the principal moments of inertia are distinct. Using the cyclic precession coordinate, it derives the Routh function, obtains conditions for permanent rotations …
This note generalizes the variational method for solving linear equations in a Hilbert space from positive definite self-adjoint operators to operators representable as a product of a self-adjoint operator and a closed operator. It defines generalized positivity and generalized positive definiteness…
This paper examines whether olefin hydropolymerization under carbon monoxide and hydrogen on a solid catalyst proceeds by a radical chain mechanism. Using experimental data for ethylene, propylene, butene-1, and related olefins, the authors compare yields per initiating carbon monoxide molecule at v…
The study of charged-particle concentrations in the ionosphere is associated with a number of specific difficulties that do not affect the study of other environmental parameters. Thus, the measurements will be affected by the electric potential acquired by the satellite; under the influence of vari…
This paper investigates the optical anisotropy of four chain polymers containing benzene rings, using flow birefringence as a means of relating dynamo-optical constants and intrinsic viscosity to the polarizability anisotropy of statistical chain segments. Measurements were carried out in solvents s…
This study examines the preparation and reactions of enol acetates derived from beta-furanidones, a class of compounds previously little described. Using isopropenyl acetate as the acetylating agent, several beta-furanidone ketones containing a single alpha-methylene group were converted to defined …
This paper examines the use of the rotating disk electrode for investigating electrochemical reactions coupled to homogeneous kinetic and catalytic processes in solution. It argues that the steady-state hydrodynamic conditions of the rotating disk provide advantages over the dropping mercury electro…
This paper examines the nature of active surface centers formed during thermal dehydration of silica gel, especially the possibility that dehydrated silica surfaces contain oxygen-rich or radical sites with oxidizing properties. Using coarse-pored silica gels calcined in air or under high vacuum, th…
In October 1956, at a session of the International Committee for Weights and Measures, a new definition of the second was adopted and an international system of units was established. At the First International Conference on Legal Metrology, held shortly thereafter, the establishment of a new metrol…
This paper examines the structure and reactivity of dialkoxytitanium oxides, focusing on whether these compounds are monomeric titanium oxo species or associated polymers. Molecular weight measurements, especially by the isopiestic method in dilute solution, are used to support monomeric formulation…
This paper develops a kinetic theory for the ordered motion of small aerosol particles in a binary gas mixture with a concentration gradient, focusing on the regime in which the particle radius is much smaller than the molecular mean free paths. Using Boltzmann kinetic equations and Sonine polynomia…
This paper studies a one-parameter class of iterative methods for approximately solving nonlinear operator equations in Banach spaces, encompassing the Chebyshev process, the tangent hyperbolas process, and a related previously proposed method. It formulates convergence theorems for twice differenti…
This paper examines the use of electrical conductivity measurements to study powdered metallic catalysts in liquid media, focusing on skeletal nickel and platinum black suspended mainly in n-heptane. The authors measure the resistance of settled catalyst powders under different gas and adsorbate con…
This paper examines the relationship between molecular structure and infrared absorption spectra for secondary aromatic amines, a class of compounds important as rubber additives but previously lacking systematic spectral characterization. The authors record solid-phase infrared spectra of diphenyla…
This paper formulates generalized solutions of Monge-Ampère equations through the geometry of convex surfaces and the prescribed weighted area of their normal images. It defines an R-area measure associated with supporting planes, relates classical twice differentiable solutions to this measure, and…
This study examines the unresolved structure of spheroidal graphite inclusions in magnesium treated cast iron, a material whose mechanical properties depend strongly on graphite morphology. The authors use electron microscopy of quartz replicas from undeformed isolated graphite surfaces, together wi…
This study examines the polymorphism of dicalcium silicate, a major mineral component of Portland-cement clinker, with particular attention to disputed intermediate modifications. Using high-temperature ionization X-ray diffraction, the authors followed structural changes during heating and cooling …
This paper reports experimental measurements of the constant-volume heat capacity of water and water vapor near the critical region using an adiabatic calorimeter with thermoelectric temperature regulation. The authors examine how heat capacity changes during the transition from two-phase to single-…
This paper studies the birational classification of elliptic curves over a field of characteristic not equal to 2 or 3, especially when the field is not algebraically closed. Using Galois descent, automorphisms of a Weierstrass model, crossed homomorphisms, and cohomology, it describes curves with a…
This paper investigates the synthesis of hydrocyanic acid during rapid adiabatic compression of nitrogen mixtures with methane or acetylene. Using a moving-piston adiabatic apparatus, the authors compressed gas mixtures to several thousand kg/cm² and determined hydrocyanic acid yields by absorption …
This paper studies a boundary value problem for the hyperbolic equation with coefficient depending on one variable, with data prescribed on a characteristic segment and on two straight lines. The problem is reduced by changes of variables to a normalized equation with a potential term, and its solut…
