SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This paper investigates how crystallographic orientation affects the dissolution rates of NaCl-type single crystals in water and in their aqueous solutions, addressing earlier contradictory reports on dissolution anisotropy. Using oriented plates exposed to identical solution jets and cylindrical ho…
This paper examines theoretical calculation of the specific surface energy of alkali halide ionic crystals, with attention to the dependence on crystallographic orientation and to distortions of ions near crystal faces. It reviews classical calculations based on Born, Born-Mayer, and related interio…
This paper examines how changes in chemical composition and chemical bonding affect the properties of ionic solids, especially alkali halide crystals. It argues that systematic replacement of cations or anions changes lattice energy, polarizability, and the relative contributions of Coulomb and van …
This study examines how radiation-induced defects affect the dissolution kinetics of alkali halide single crystals under forced convection, with particular attention to the transition between diffusion-controlled and structure-sensitive diffusion-kinetic regimes. Dissolution rates of irradiated and …
This study examines how divalent strontium impurities affect the formation and accumulation of M centers in KCl and KBr alkali halide crystals under proton irradiation. Crystals grown by the Kyropoulos method were irradiated with 4.1 MeV protons at room temperature, and absorption spectra and impuri…
This paper examines the destruction, or bleaching, of F-centers in alkali halide crystals under X-ray irradiation and its role in the kinetics of color-center accumulation. Using pure and activated KCl crystals, the authors compare the effects of soft and hard X-rays on crystals that had reached a l…
This paper analyzes whether plastic deformation can be used to determine the role of dislocations in radiation-induced vacancy generation in alkali halide crystals. Using the kinetics of F-center accumulation, the authors argue that the observed slow-stage coloration rate depends not only on the vac…
This paper estimates whether X-rays can directly destroy F-centers in alkali-halide crystals through interactions with the trapped electron, considering both the photoelectric effect and Compton scattering. Using a hydrogen-like wave function for the F-center electron, the author derives the Compton…
This paper reports preliminary measurements of optical properties in NaCl crystals activated with cerium, with attention to how trivalent rare-earth ions affect impurity centers and radiation coloration. Crystals were prepared by growth from the melt, electrothermodiffusion, and pressing, with some …
This study examines how plastic deformation affects the accumulation kinetics of F-centers in pure KCl and KCl crystals doped with strontium under x-ray irradiation. Using optical absorption measurements, deformation before and after irradiation, and ionic conductivity measurements, the authors comp…
This study examines how selected monovalent and divalent impurities affect electrical conductivity changes in alkali halide single crystals before and after X-ray irradiation. Measurements on NaCl, KCl, and KBr crystals doped with Pb, Sr, Cu, Mn, and Cd compounds show that conductivity is increased …
This paper examines how divalent impurities and related lattice defects affect radiation-induced optical coloration in alkali halide single crystals, especially the accumulation and stability of F centers. It develops a kinetic expression for F-center accumulation that includes vacancy filling, vaca…
This paper describes an experimental apparatus for investigating the interaction of fast electrons with matter, with emphasis on energy losses in thick and thin samples and on the influence of chemical composition and multiple scattering. The authors present a 10 MeV U-shaped betatron with an extrac…
The paper investigates the effective energy of secondary electrons generated in KCl, KBr, and KI crystals under irradiation by betatron bremsstrahlung with maximum energies of 10 to 30 MeV. The authors determine this quantity by combining measurements of extrapolated ranges for monoenergetic electro…
This study examines the attenuation of narrow beams of betatron bremsstrahlung in thick alkali halide crystal absorbers, a problem relevant to betatron flaw detection, shielding calculations, and absorbed dose estimation. Using a 30 MeV betatron, a collimated beam was passed through KCl, KBr, and KI…
This paper investigates dosimetry of 5 to 12 MeV betatron electron beams in alkali halide salt crystals, with emphasis on depth dose distributions, penetration depth, and the effects of backscattering and lateral scattering. Using miniature ionization chambers with walls made from the studied salts,…
This study examines how isodose proton irradiation affects ionic electrical conductivity in KCl-KBr solid solution single crystals, using conductivity measurements under vacuum after exposure to 4 MeV protons at a dose of 6 x 10^14 protons/cm2. The authors compare irradiated and unirradiated samples…
This study examines whether preliminary neutron irradiation affects the attenuation coefficient of beta radiation in potassium-series alkali-halide crystals, specifically KCl, KBr, and KI. The authors first estimate, using considerations of electron energy losses and the Bethe-Bloch formula, that ir…
This paper investigates radiation-induced dielectric losses in KBr and KI crystals exposed to protons and X-rays, addressing discrepancies in earlier observations for alkali halides. Temperature dependences of the dielectric loss tangent were measured after irradiation over specified absorbed-dose r…
Dielectric losses in artificial NaCl single crystals are examined as a probe of defect polarization before and after ionizing irradiation. Temperature and frequency dependences of the loss tangent in evacuated conditions are interpreted with Debye relaxation theory, yielding a relaxation activation …
This study examines whether structural disturbances in KCl, KBr solid solutions can be detected through measurements of beta radiation attenuation in single crystals and pressed salt samples. Single crystals grown by the Kyropoulos method and pressed transparent pellets of varying composition were e…
This paper investigates energy stored in alkali halide crystals during room temperature irradiation and its relation to lattice defects, color centers, and mechanical changes. Using calorimetric annealing and dissolution methods, the authors measure stored energy in LiF, NaCl, KCl, KBr, and KJ after…
This paper reviews the physical properties of alkali halide solid solutions, especially KCl, KBr, NaCl, and NaBr systems, and examines how these properties change after irradiation. It relates composition dependent behavior to lattice defectiveness and the heat of formation, discussing density, hard…
This paper examines how the measured strength of solid bodies depends on exposure time, and how fracture rate relates to strength, across mechanical rupture, electrical breakdown, and thermal destruction. Using ionic crystals as the main example, it compares catastrophic fracture models with models …
This article reviews radiation damage and radiation resistance in alkali halide crystals, emphasizing the need to relate irradiation effects to absorbed dose, dose rate, temperature, sample conditions, and chemical composition rather than to exposure time alone. It analyzes absorption of electromagn…
This article surveys the development and recent work of solid-state physics at Tomsk Polytechnic Institute, situating it within the broader Tomsk tradition begun by B. P. Weinberg and V. D. Kuznetsov. It outlines the formation of the Siberian school of dielectric physics and describes research condu…
This memorial article surveys the life and scientific legacy of Vladimir Dmitrievich Kuznetsov, emphasizing his role in establishing solid-state physics and higher scientific education in Siberia. It traces his work at Tomsk institutions, his organization of the Siberian Physico-Technical Institute,…
This paper describes the design and operation of the X-1 laboratory setup developed for studying butt friction welding. The installation uses three-jaw chucks, pneumatic axial loading, timed process control, countercurrent motor braking, and adjustable pressure regimes, including constant, smoothly …
This study examines how proton irradiation affects electrical conductivity and dielectric losses in KCl-KBr solid solutions, with attention to the conditions under which low-frequency resonance dielectric absorption appears in alkali-halide crystals. Conductivity and loss measurements from 20 to 250…
This study examines radiation-induced dielectric absorption in KBr crystals irradiated with 4.5 MeV protons, using temperature and frequency measurements of dielectric loss and electrical conductivity between 20 and 200°C. Irradiation produces a dielectric-loss maximum near 140 to 170°C, while condu…
This study examines how selected physical properties of alkaline earth metal fluorides depend on chemical composition, lattice energy, and irradiation. Crystals of CaF2, SrF2, and BaF2 grown by the Stockbarger method were compared by measurements of microhardness, electrical conductivity, dielectric…
Dielectric losses in single crystals of NaCl, KCl, KBr, and KI were examined to clarify their dependence on chemical composition and lattice energy, under vacuum conditions intended to reduce effects of hygroscopicity. Measurements of loss tangent and electrical conductivity from room temperature to…
The paper studies representations of even numbers by primes through a sieve based on counting tuples of integers simultaneously relatively prime to a product of small primes. It introduces multiplicative functions for pairs, triples, and higher tuples with prescribed differences, derives product for…
This paper analyzes a closed self-adjusting automatic control system with integral correction intended to eliminate systematic error in the root-mean-square value of a controlled variable under random disturbances, with motivation from electric arc furnace control. The system is modeled in relative …
This study investigates whether flat wood planer knives can be manufactured from low-carbon structural steel using chemical-thermal treatment rather than alloy or two-layer steels. Grade 20 steel knives were gas carburized, quenched, tempered, examined for layer depth, carbon content, microstructure…
This study examines how additions of 0.1 to 3.0 percent aluminum affect the as-cast structure and properties of R9-type high-speed steel with carbon contents of about 1.1 to 1.3 percent. Steels were centrifugally cast into chill molds, and their microstructure, hardness, electrical resistivity, and …
This paper describes the reconstruction of a semi-industrial IV-52 vacuum induction furnace to enable experimental centrifugal casting in vacuum with small metal charges. The author presents the rationale for reducing the effective furnace capacity, the calculation and fabrication of a new 6 kg indu…
This paper examines the nonlinear rotor motion equation of a synchronous reluctance motor during asynchronous operation, synchronous operation, and pull-in to synchronism. Using the phase plane method, the authors reduce the electromechanical model to a second-order rotor equation and analyze the co…
This paper analyzes how errors in estimating particle reaction temperature affect the determination of kinetic constants for solid fuel combustion in a pulverized coal and air flow. Using the Arrhenius relation, it derives approximate expressions linking an apparent temperature offset to errors in a…
This paper develops a calculation method for determining kinetic constants of an isothermal pulverized-coal flame at successive stages of burnout. Under assumptions of one-dimensional laminar flow, constant temperature, no particle slip, spherical particles, and reaction over the external geometric …
This study examines the diene condensation of substituted oxazoles with acrylic acid, focusing on the structural orientation of the resulting pyridinecarboxylic acid derivatives. Experiments with oxazoles bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents show that, when normal condensa…
This paper studies the emergence of periodic motions in a parameter-dependent dynamical system when, at the critical parameter value, a trajectory leaves and returns to a simple saddle equilibrium, forming a homoclinic loop. The authors construct a Poincare-type return mapping by combining the local…
This study examines the alkaline hydrolysis of mixed A and H blood group substances from pig stomach mucosa, with the aim of clarifying the general architecture of these glycopeptide biopolymers and the nature of alkali-labile linkages. Degradation products formed under sodium hydroxide, with or wit…
The paper studies the asymptotic behavior of orthonormal polynomials at interior zeros of weight functions, with emphasis on one-sided algebraic singularities where the order of vanishing differs across the point or where the polynomial itself vanishes there for infinitely many degrees. Using differ…
A new class of silicon phosphorus organic compounds, dialkyl triorganosilylmethoxymethylphosphinates, was synthesized to examine whether a P-C-O-C-Si linkage provides improved resistance to hydrolysis. The compounds were prepared by reacting chloromethyltriorganosilanes with dialkyl sodium oxymethyl…
This paper formulates a general linear boundary value problem for an operator between separable linear topological spaces in terms of maximal subspaces complementary to the null space and the associated projection onto boundary data. It develops representation formulas for solutions, criteria for pr…
This study examines whether the reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride with aromatic amines involves charge-transfer complexes, a question relevant to the formation of polyamic acids and aromatic polyimides. Using the model system pyromellitic dianhydride and tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine in dimethyl…
This study examines the role of potassium iodide in the color reaction between iodine and polyvinyl alcohol, a question related to the debated function of iodide ions in iodine polysaccharide complexes. Absorption spectra of iodine, iodide, and polyvinyl alcohol solutions were measured at varying po…
