SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This paper describes the synthesis of N-substituted aromatic amines proposed as inhibitors of polymer aging, focusing on condensation of p-aminodiphenylamine, p-anisidine, and p-phenylenediamine with acetophenone followed by catalytic hydrogenation. The authors show that direct condensation in tolue…
This paper studies local analytic solutions of systems of linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients, using the ideal generated by the symbolic forms of the differential operators. Assuming a primary decomposition of the associated polynomial ideal, the author relates membershi…
The paper examines whether cold quasineutral ion beams with compensated space charge can be focused in systems using combined electric and magnetic fields. Using a simplified hydrodynamic treatment of the electron component, it argues that an electric field can persist inside a rarefied compensated …
This study extends mass spectrometric photoionization measurements to low-volatility organic compounds by evaporating samples near the photoionization region and examining anthracene, uracil, thymine, and several amino acids. Photoionization efficiency curves are used to determine ionization thresho…
The study examines how substituents at the central carbon atom of bisphenols affect their reactivity in polycondensation with terephthaloyl chloride. Kinetic measurements were carried out in ditolylmethane under nitrogen at 160 to 200 degrees by monitoring hydrogen chloride evolution, and the data w…
This study examines the complex-forming behavior of several phosphorylated ethylenediamine derivatives and compares them with carboxyl-containing analogues in order to clarify the influence of phosphine-containing groups in multidentate chelants. Acid dissociation constants, complex compositions, op…
The paper studies the homogeneous Riemann boundary value problem for analytic functions on a closed Riemann surface of genus rho, with a nonvanishing Hölder coefficient on a finite system of smooth closed curves. Building on a prior reduction of solvability to an Abelian congruence and to conditions…
This paper examines ways to increase response speed and improve control quality in deeply regulated MUS-D electric-drive systems using intermediate semiconductor amplifiers. It analyzes sources of inertia in self-saturating magnetic amplifiers, proposes redistributing gain between the power magnetic…
This paper examines transient response problems in a deeply regulated nonreversible DC electric drive using an MUS-D system with an intermediate semiconductor amplifier and speed feedback. The authors argue that, although flexible correcting feedback stabilizes the drive, it produces poor low-speed …
The paper examines operating features of a semiconductor intermediate amplifier combined with a self-saturating power magnetic amplifier in adjustable electric drives using the MUS-D system. It analyzes how RC parallel correction transmits ripple and load-dependent disturbances to the amplifier inpu…
This paper describes the development and testing of a more powerful class-D intermediate semiconductor amplifier intended to drive the control circuits of a self-saturating power magnetic amplifier in variable-speed electric drives. It explains the pulse-width modulation scheme, output switching sta…
This paper analyzes the operational reliability of transistor intermediate semiconductor amplifiers used in MUS-D electric drives, drawing on experience with heavy machine-tool drives. It examines the characteristics of a commercially used three-stage dc amplifier, including dead zone behavior, temp…
The paper analyzes stabilization and correction circuits for electric drives using self-saturating magnetic amplifiers with class-D intermediate semiconductor amplifiers. Starting from transfer-function and Nyquist stability analysis, it shows that uncorrected MUS-D drives have limited static and dy…
This paper describes the development and experimental study of a reversible direct-current feed drive for a heavy vertical lathe, based on a self-saturating magnetic amplifier motor system with a class-D intermediate semiconductor amplifier. The authors present the circuit structure, speed-setting a…
This paper derives a firing angle control law for continuous-pulse speed regulation of a DC motor supplied by an ionic rectifier. By equating the areas of current pulses through each valve under specified load limits, the authors obtain an expression for the firing angle as a function of relative vo…
This paper addresses practical design issues for electric drives based on the self-saturating magnetic amplifier and DC motor system, focusing on the selection of standard series-produced components rather than amplifier design. It develops calculation procedures for choosing the motor, power magnet…
This paper analyzes low-speed operation of a three-phase self-saturating magnetic amplifier supplying the armature of an independently excited DC motor, focusing on modes with core saturation angles above 60 degrees and small counter-emf. It derives approximate voltage and current relations showing …
This paper presents an analytical method for calculating the speed and motor characteristics of direct-current drives controlled by self-saturating magnetic amplifiers, proposed as an alternative to cumbersome graphical procedures. It introduces piecewise linearization of magnetic-amplifier no-load,…
The study examines the origin of nonadditive stabilized radical formation during gamma radiolysis of frozen methanol solutions containing carbon tetrachloride. Using EPR spectra of amorphous methanol with additions of carbon tetrachloride, sulfuric acid, and iodine, the authors compare the behavior …
This paper examines non-reversing direct-current motor drives requiring wide-range speed regulation and rigid stabilization, proposing the use of a transformer regulated by shunt biasing with rectifier and motor as an alternative to magnetic amplifier, transformer, rectifier, and motor systems. It r…
This paper analyzes the static operating modes and characteristics of transformers controlled by magnetic biasing of shunts, with attention to the physical processes underlying their regulation. Using idealized rectangular and piecewise-linear magnetization curves, equivalent circuits, and state-by-…
This paper proposes a simplified procedure for calculating electromechanical transient regimes of induction motors, motivated by the difficulty of solving the full differential equations for electromagnetic transients. Using similarity criteria, the author relates motor transient behavior to catalog…
This paper presents an engineering method for determining the parameters of the refined equivalent circuit of an induction motor using catalog data. It derives procedures for estimating the magnetizing current, referred rotor current, rotor and stator resistances, leakage reactances, and magnetizing…
This paper examines time-optimal control for a separately excited DC motor drive used in lifting and metallurgical mechanisms, with attention to dry friction, unbalanced gravitational loads, current limits, maximum speed limits, and possible variation of the input scale factor. Using phase-plane ana…
This paper addresses the selection of an optimal reducer gear ratio for mechanisms whose motion follows a trapezoidal velocity profile, where the motor reaches nominal speed during part of the cycle. It derives an expression for total operating time as the sum of steady motion and starting, braking …
This paper examines speed pulsations in separately excited DC electric drives using relay or pulse speed control with limited-control valves such as thyristors or ionic devices. Focusing on the unfavorable case of an ideal on-off relay controller with a single-valve converter and discontinuous armat…
This paper describes a semiconductor automatic voltage regulator for inductor generators using a pulse-width control principle combined with phase compounding. The proposed circuit integrates voltage measurement and pulse-width modulation in a measuring element, compares a stabilized reference volta…
This paper describes the development of the “Adres-1” electronic automatic control machine for sorting logs on longitudinal conveyors by controlling release devices at storage bins. It argues that earlier mechanical, contact, and coded systems were insufficiently reliable or difficult to adjust, and…
This paper addresses the choice of time quantization interval for control laws in programmed control systems where a digital device supplies a stepwise input to a continuous tracking system. It argues that direct use of sampling theory is insufficient for practical control systems with unbounded spe…
This paper examines pulse speed control for wound-rotor asynchronous motors in valve cascade systems, motivated by the possibility of using thyristor switching to reduce converter power and improve regulation compared with rheostatic methods. It argues for a commutation law with constant thyristor o…
This paper examines a semiconductor frequency converter intended to produce nearly sinusoidal AC voltage and current over a 0 to 200 Hz range for automated AC electric drives. It develops a time-pulse modulation approach in which a sinusoidal reference is compared with a cyclic sawtooth voltage, con…
This paper analyzes an artificial commutation circuit for direct-current thyristor converters in which a choke connected in series with the load charges the commutating capacitor. The authors divide the commutation process into four stages, derive expressions for capacitor voltage and the thyristor …
This paper describes pulse-forming circuits for automation, telemechanics, and pulse control of electric machines that generate voltage pulse sequences synchronized with an AC supply and adjustable over wide ranges. It presents circuits using controlled rectifiers and thyratrons for variable pulse-f…
This paper develops a calculation method for static operating modes of m-phase AC to DC mutators using fully controlled semiconductor valves and a shunting circuit under active-inductive load. Under idealized assumptions of an infinite-power supply network, instantaneous switching, equal valve drops…
This paper examines whether semiannual oscillations of mean sea level in the World Ocean can be identified as the solar semiannual tide rather than as a meteorological rhythm. Using harmonic constants from long term tide observations at 234 coastal stations, the study compares observed amplitudes an…
The paper studies the limiting amplitude principle for a class of half-line boundary-value problems for linear evolution equations with constant-coefficient spatial operator of even order and harmonic forcing. It analyzes the associated ordinary differential equation with complex spectral parameter,…
This paper presents a direct electron microscopic method for investigating the electrical microrelief of crystalline surfaces by decorating charged surface regions with charged colloidal particles. Using lead selenide colloidal particles adsorbed on silicon crystals and epitaxial silicon layers, the…
This paper studies generalized solutions of first order differential equations in a Banach space generated by strongly positive operators, extending earlier Hilbert space results. It establishes coercivity for equations with operators sharing a common domain, then treats nonautonomous equations with…
The paper develops a method for proving completeness of systems of eigen and associated elements for non-self-adjoint compact operator functions depending rationally, and in some cases meromorphically, on a spectral parameter. It first refines a Keldysh-type spectral result by showing that, near a p…
This paper examines how changes in nuclear shape affect beta-decay probabilities, focusing on odd-proton nuclei in a transitional rare-earth region and neighboring odd-neutron spherical nuclei. The authors compare log ft values for first-forbidden beta transitions in these nuclei with analogous tran…
This study examines the ultraviolet and visible reflection spectra of two-component lead silicate glasses and their crystallized analogues, with compositions containing 50, 66.7, and 70 mol.% PbO. Measurements over 100 to 1000 mμ show no selective-reflection bands in the visible region, but reveal t…
This paper reports observations of electroluminescence in potassium iodide crystals activated with copper, motivated by the difficulty of producing field-induced luminescence in alkali-halide materials with wide forbidden bands and few free carriers. Thin single-crystal layers prepared by counter-dr…
This paper examines vibrational transition probabilities in the green band system of MgO for the electronic transition B1Sigma to X1Sigma, with attention to the dependence of the electronic transition moment on internuclear distance. Franck Condon factors are calculated for selected low vibrational …
This review examines low-temperature candoluminescence, distinguishing it from high-temperature flame glow that can be explained as thermal radiation. It summarizes experiments in which cooled crystalline phosphors and impurity-containing oxides, including lime, emit spectra under flame excitation t…
This paper examines how Young’s modulus varies with temperature in NaCl, NaBr, KCl, and KBr solid solutions, in relation to theories linking elastic constants to thermal expansion of ionic crystal lattices. Using a two-part piezoquartz resonator at 125 kHz, sound velocity and Young’s modulus were me…
This study examines how the crystal lattice period of KCl-KBr solid solutions varies with temperature, ionizing radiation, and storage after cleavage. Using high-temperature X-ray diffraction on single-crystal specimens of several compositions, the authors measure lattice parameters up to 700°C and …
This paper examines interdiffusion in alkali halide crystal pairs when the phase diagram permits formation of an intermediate liquid layer, focusing on the NaCl, KCl system. Using contact melting experiments and comparison with interdiffusion data obtained without a liquid phase by Matano’s method, …
This paper examines how to obtain a planar anion interdiffusion front at the contact of KCl and KBr single crystals, a condition needed for applying diffusion analysis based on Fick’s second law. The authors compare high-temperature compression, contact melting, and annealing in powder, using micros…
