SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This paper examines the low-temperature heat capacity of chain structures in relation to competing theoretical predictions for noninteracting polymer chains, especially linear and square-root temperature dependences. Heat capacities of polyethylene from 58 to 273 K and polyvinyl alcohol from 58 to 2…
Pulse technology is widely used in various fields of science and engineering. Radar, radio astronomy, computing technology, and nuclear physics are far from a complete list of the main directions in the development of modern science and engineering whose progress is largely determined by advances in…
This study examines whether organohydroxysilanes react with isocyanates analogously to organic alcohols, forming urethane derivatives without by-products. Triethylhydroxysilane, diethylpropylhydroxysilane, and diethylbutylhydroxysilane were reacted with meta-tolylene diisocyanate, and the products w…
This study examines whether mechanically twinned calcite differs from the parent crystal only by lattice orientation or also by defect structure and stored deformation energy. Mechanically twinned calcite crystals were etched with weak and stronger hydrochloric acid solutions and examined microscopi…
The paper studies periodic solutions of a nonlinear self oscillation equation with a small parameter, under assumptions ensuring that the corresponding unperturbed equation has only periodic solutions. Using a previously developed method, it derives finite equations determining the leading positive …
This study examines the mechanism of divinyl formation from ethyl alcohol over the Lebedev catalyst, with particular attention to competing schemes involving acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and crotyl alcohol intermediates. Using carbon 14 labeled ethyl alcohol, acetaldehyde, and crotonaldehyde, the a…
This article presents a method for calculating, on a high-speed digital computer, the motion of an artificial Earth satellite with simultaneous allowance for atmospheric drag, under the condition that the atmosphere moves together with the Earth, and for the deviation of the gravitational field from…
This paper proposes a plasticity theory for quasi-isotropic bodies that incorporates the Bauschinger effect by distinguishing actual stresses from active stresses and introducing a tensor of residual stresses. The yield surface retains the spherical form used in flow theory, but its center moves dur…
This study examines the reaction of diacetylene with butanol, cyclohexanol, and beta-decalol under alkaline heating conditions, with attention to reaction conditions, isolated products, and structural verification. The reactions proceed stepwise to form ethynylvinyl ethers, and, at higher temperatur…
A report delivered on September 5, 1956, at a meeting of the Division of Physical and Mathematical Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the death of Ludwig Boltzmann.
The study examines the kinetics of isopropyl alcohol dehydrogenation to acetone over precipitated metallic iron, cobalt, and nickel catalysts in a flow apparatus. Relative adsorption coefficients for acetone and hydrogen were determined by adding reaction products to the feed and applying a kinetic …
This paper refines the metallic model approach to calculating the anisotropy of diamagnetic susceptibility in aromatic molecules. It identifies an error in an earlier perturbation-theory treatment, namely the omission of the second-order contribution from the vector-potential derivative term, and de…
This paper addresses the limited availability and uncertain characterization of arylthallium compounds of the type ArTlX2, especially halides that had been obtained by less reliable multistep routes and appeared colored because of secondary reactions or impurities. The authors propose a synthesis ba…
This study investigates intermediate products in photochemical oxidation and reduction reactions of xanthene dyes, including eosin, erythrosin, and Bengal rose, using potentiometric measurements and solution conductivity during illumination. Experiments with varying light intensity, dye concentratio…
This study investigates water filtration in peat with undisturbed structure using radioactive tracers, primarily sulfur-35 in sodium sulfate solution, to follow the displacement of pore water. From filtrate activity curves, the authors infer distributions of flow velocities and equivalent water-cond…
This note studies the relation between points where a real function has an infinite derivative and points where its derivative is finite. It proves that, for any measure zero set of type F sigma delta contained in a G delta set, there exists a continuous increasing function whose derivative is posit…
This paper studies bounded non-self-adjoint operators of the class iOmega with continuous spectrum, focusing on when such operators can be transformed to a diagonal multiplication operator. Using triangular models, the author gives sufficient regularity and rank conditions on the non-Hermitian part …
This paper develops a local theory of nomography by expressing conditions for local nomographability in invariant form under admissible transformations of the variables. It defines and studies nomographic invariants built from the quantities associated with a function z = f(x,y), including determina…
This paper reports syntheses of new carbohydrate derivatives in which the sugar residue is connected to an aglycone through a direct carbon to carbon bond. Using reactions of sugar acetohalides with organomagnesium compounds and subsequent halogenation, acylation, or chlorination transformations, th…
This paper studies a one-dimensional filtration problem in an elastic-plastic regime, where the governing parabolic equation changes according to the sign of the time derivative of the pressure. The problem is reformulated as a single nonlinear equation containing an absolute value term, with the ha…
This paper reports a method for synthesizing aromatic organotin compounds by decomposing diaryliodonium chloride complexes with tin chlorides in the presence of tin powder. The authors argue that the reaction proceeds through double iodonium salts, noting that mixtures of diaryliodonium chlorides an…
This note develops sufficient criteria for nonoscillation of the fourth-order differential equation \(y^{(4)}+(a(x)y')'+b(x)y=0\), where nonoscillation is understood in terms of the eventual absence of more than one double zero for any nontrivial solution. Using an analogue of Sturm comparison based…
This paper examines optical imaging systems that combine lenses with modified zone plates, termed phase plates, as a means of overcoming the energy loss, chromatic aberration, and fabrication difficulties of conventional zone plates. It derives the form and focal properties of such plates, analyzes …
This paper studies the extremal problem of maximizing the conformal radius at the origin among simply connected domains that are fundamental, up to cuts, for a doubly periodic translation group and that avoid a prescribed finite system of points and their translates. Using variational formulas for u…
This paper reports a coincidence method for determining differential cross sections of elastic scattering of 14.8 MeV neutrons. Neutrons from the D2(T,n)He4 reaction were tagged by correlated alpha particles, scattered from cylindrical Pb, Sn, Fe, Al, and C targets, and detected with a liquid scinti…
This paper reports the catalytic synthesis of previously undescribed nitro, amino, and sulfonamide derivatives of 2-phenylquinoline and 2-phenyl-5,6-benzoquinoline, motivated by known antibacterial activity in related quinoline amines and sulfonamides. Nitro derivatives were prepared through condens…
This paper extends the Gibbs phase rule inequality to multicomponent heterogeneous systems whose phase concentration matrix may have nonmaximal rank, including cases where components are absent from some phases or distinct phases have identical concentration composition. By comparing constraints der…
This paper examines how small additions of alloying elements affect the self-diffusion of solvent atoms in solid silver alloys, focusing on Ag-Cu and Ag-Sn systems. Using the thin-layer method for diffusion measurements and isotope-exchange measurements of thermodynamic characteristics, the authors …
This paper develops an analogue of the extension theory of Hermitian operators for operators that are symmetric with respect to a conjugation operator in a Hilbert space. It introduces the notions of J-symmetric and J-self-adjoint dissipative operators, characterizes J-self-adjointness by vanishing …
This paper extends the notion of an n-dimensional Cantor manifold to infinite-dimensional compact metric spaces, defining such a compactum as one that cannot be separated by any finite-dimensional closed subset. It addresses the relation between this concept and the open problem of whether every inf…
This note studies linear operators on the topological ring of analytic functions in several complex variables on a polyannulus, with convergence defined by uniform convergence on compact subannuli. It first states Fredholm-type invertibility results for operators that act diagonally on Laurent monom…
This study examines early crystallization structure formation in aqueous suspensions of tricalcium aluminate, a key aluminate component governing the initial behavior of portland cement paste. Using model mixtures of tricalcium aluminate with finely ground quartz sand, the authors follow plastic str…
This paper develops improved finite difference schemes for the axially symmetric Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation in cylindrical coordinates. Using a lemma that combines harmonic functions with logarithmic terms, it constructs alternative harmonic basis functions and derives five point and…
This paper studies infinitesimal rigidity criteria for surfaces of revolution subject to contour constraints, extending earlier results on ovaloids with planar openings to nonorthogonal constraints. The bending equations are reduced to a Fourier decomposition and ordinary differential equations for …
This study examines liquid immiscibility in simple fluorosilicate melts, a problem complicated by the volatility of silicon tetrafluoride during heating. Using sealed molybdenum crucibles and microscopic examination of quenched products, the author investigated silica systems with several metal fluo…
This paper examines the aging and thermo-oxidative decomposition of cellulose ethers and esters under oxygen, air, inert gas, heating, and ultraviolet irradiation. Using viscosity measurements, oxygen uptake, analysis of volatile products, and characterization of oxidized materials, the study argues…
This study investigates proton spin lattice relaxation in mixed H2O and D2O solutions containing paramagnetic ions, using measurements of the longitudinal relaxation time T1 while varying the proton concentration by isotopic substitution. Solutions of manganese, chromium, copper, and cobalt salts sh…
This study examines the unusual decrease in color intensity, without a change in hue, observed when alkali is added to violet solutions of halogenanilic acids. The authors argue that this behavior is explained by stepwise dissociation involving reversible formation and destruction of intramolecular …
This note studies the homology groups of finite rank nilpotent associative algebras over an arbitrary field, with trivial coefficients, and the associated Poincaré functions formed from their Betti numbers. Using a special complete resolution, the authors derive structural relations and estimates fo…
This paper extends a previous study of ideal-fluid separated flow in which tangential discontinuity surfaces form near bodies, focusing on the additional pressure forces produced by this “second” form of hydrodynamic motion. Using complex potential methods, it derives a superposition rule for the fo…
The paper analyzes the steady temperature of a flat plate in a laminar boundary layer of a reacting gas mixture undergoing dissociation, with particular attention to a heterogeneous reaction in the diffusion regime. Using the Dorodnitsyn transformation, a linear temperature dependence of viscosity, …
This paper studies an inverse problem for first order systems of linear differential equations with a complex parameter, asking when the coefficient matrix can be recovered uniquely from the terminal fundamental matrix. It develops the problem through characteristic matrix functions of nonselfadjoin…
This paper examines how an external electric field can affect the equilibrium composition of a gas phase chemical reaction whose reactants are nonpolar molecules and whose products are polar molecules. Using ammonia synthesis as the example, it modifies the chemical potentials of hydrogen, nitrogen,…
This study examines variations of the electrotelluric potential gradient at different depths in Lake Baikal, a regime previously studied mainly near shore or in surface waters. Using submerged electrode lines connected to a photogalvanograph, the author recorded short-period oscillations, bay-like d…
The study examines cleavage of the tetrahydrofuran ring by silicon tetrachloride, in the context of known ring-opening reactions induced by halogen-containing reagents. Experiments show that tetrahydrofuran and silicon tetrachloride do not react appreciably without a catalyst, but in the presence of…
