SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper investigates isomeric states and selected level schemes in the odd-mass spherical europium nuclei Eu-147, Eu-149, and Eu-151, focusing on levels associated with h11/2 configurations and M2 and E3 transitions. Using gamma-gamma and gamma-electron coincidence measurements with variable dela…
This paper studies the azimuthal asymmetry in the scattering of partially polarized Dirac particles by an arbitrary spherically symmetric potential. Using first-approximation phase shifts and retaining quadratic terms in the expansion of the exact partial-wave amplitudes, it derives real and imagina…
This paper reports an experimental study of electron oscillations in the S-60 electron synchrotron, motivated by the importance of damping and quantum excitation effects in high-energy cyclic accelerators. The authors photographed the transverse cross section of the electron bunch throughout the acc…
This paper develops an approximate Green’s function treatment of the isotropic antiferromagnet intended to extend beyond the low-temperature limitations of spin-wave theory and the crudeness of molecular-field theory. The Hamiltonian is transformed from spin to Pauli operators, higher Green’s functi…
This paper derives alternative dispersion relations for forward scattering amplitudes analytic in the upper half-plane by applying the Keldysh and Sedov theorem rather than the usual Cauchy-theorem formulation. It presents general formulas in which the real and imaginary parts of the amplitude are s…
Photodisintegration of Ne22 was studied to compare its reaction channels with those previously observed for Ne20 and to assess the effects of two additional neutrons on complex photonuclear processes. Using a Wilson chamber in a 6700 oersted magnetic field irradiated by bremsstrahlung photons up to …
This paper examines how exchange interaction between conduction electrons and partially localized inner electrons shapes the magnetic excitation spectrum in transition metals. Using an s-d exchange Hamiltonian and the retarded and advanced Green function method, the authors derive distribution funct…
This paper examines whether charged particles can be captured by a magnetic dipole field when small kinetic energy losses, neglected in conservative treatments, are included. Using the equatorial plane of a dipole as a tractable case, the authors derive a phase-plane formulation for particle traject…
The paper examines confinement, compression, and heating of a toroidal plasma discharge in a rapidly varying longitudinal magnetic field, including regimes where the internal and external longitudinal fields have the same or opposite directions. Simple balance and induction arguments are used to est…
Paramagnetic resonance was measured at 36,000 MHz and room temperature in single crystals and polycrystalline samples of alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl crystallized from benzene, chloroform, carbon disulfide, and carbon tetrachloride. Using an axial spin Hamiltonian, the study compares g-f…
This paper investigates whether cobalt-60 gamma irradiation changes the elastic constants of fused quartz fibers, a question previously unresolved because earlier measurements reported no gamma-ray effect within lower precision limits. The authors developed a torsional-oscillation apparatus for quar…
The paper formulates and solves a mathematical problem motivated by longitudinally polarized massive particles: to construct a Hamiltonian of Dirac-like form whose two energy levels are nondegenerate and whose eigenfunctions have definite spin projection along the momentum. Using an infinite-dimensi…
This note examines whether the axiomatic approach to quantum field theory is sufficient to determine perturbation theory without explicitly postulating Hamiltonian field equations. Using the scattering matrix formulation, it expands the matrix in normal products of a scalar out-field and derives, fr…
This paper investigates the excitation functions of optical bands emitted by the molecular ions N2+, CO+, and NO+ under electron impact, using photoelectric registration in controlled low pressure gas discharges. Measurements of selected band systems show reproducible fine structure in the excitatio…
This paper develops an explicit method for constructing counterterms in a nonrelativistically regularized quantum field theory, focusing on primitively divergent graphs. Using a pseudoscalar spinor, meson interaction as a model, it evaluates the relevant regularized momentum integrals through an aux…
This paper reports electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of dilute solutions of several aromatic and aliphatic potassium ketyls in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, with attention to hyperfine structure as evidence for spin-density distribution. Spectra of phenanthrenequinone and benzil ketyls show small …
This paper investigates the angular correlation of gamma quanta produced by positron electron annihilation in a bismuth single crystal as a means of probing electron momentum distributions and the shape of occupied energy surfaces. Using a sodium-22 positron source, scintillation coincidence detecti…
This paper develops a kinetic model for nonequilibrium impurity capture during crystal growth, motivated by sectorial impurity distributions that cannot be explained by thermodynamic equilibrium alone. It treats growth as periodic deposition of layers of equal thickness with rapidly moving steps, fo…
This paper examines capillary rise and hysteresis of a wetting liquid in porous media by modeling the medium as an equivalent vertical capillary of arbitrarily variable circular cross section. Using equilibrium conditions and a potential energy formulation based on experimentally measured relations …
The paper studies the self-similar piston problem in ideal magnetohydrodynamics for a perfectly conducting piston and medium, without restricting either the piston velocity or the magnetic field direction and magnitude. It analyzes the possible wave patterns preceding the piston, including fast and …
The paper examines how theoretical phase diagrams for alloys with ordered phases depend on the assumed form of configurational energy. It argues that common ordering theories using a single pair-interaction parameter have limited applicability, because the mixing energy, long-range ordering energy, …
This paper addresses the calculation of viscosity in liquid suspensions of solid particles, noting the limited concentration range over which Einstein’s formula and later modifications agree with experiment. It develops a semiempirical expression by treating the added resistance as an apparent visco…
This paper investigates the calorimetric determination of vacancy formation energy and vacancy concentration in quenched gold, addressing limitations of electrical resistance and dilatometric methods. Using a pulsed differential calorimetric technique suitable for thin gold wires, the authors measur…
This paper reports an emulsion-chamber study of charged pion production in the reaction pi-minus plus proton to pi-minus plus pi-plus plus neutron at a primary pion energy of 290 plus or minus 15 MeV. From 1920 recorded interactions, 100 events consistent with production on hydrogen were selected, a…
This paper examines the relation between fluctuating microfields and multiple Coulomb or Newtonian scattering in a gas of charged or gravitating particles, focusing on the long-standing problem of the logarithmic cutoff in scattering integrals. By calculating the temporal correlation function of the…
This paper develops a generalized hydrodynamic theory of the ultrasonic interferometer for a monatomic gas in the five-moment approximation, including thermal conductivity of both the gas and the boundary. Using linearized generalized hydrodynamic equations with Maxwell, Smoluchowski-type boundary c…
The paper formulates extended Hartree and Fock self-consistent-field methods in which electrons within the same shell may be assigned different radial one-electron wave functions. It describes the corresponding variational wave functions, notes the equivalence of the two extended equations for the g…
This paper reports a preliminary experimental study of nonequilibrium gas states behind shock waves in purified air, using ultraviolet absorption near 2200 Å to follow changes in the flow behind the wave front. Shock tube measurements show a maximum absorption immediately behind the front followed b…
This study examines the decrease of photoconductivity near absorption maxima in organic dye photoconductors and evaluates whether it can be described by surface recombination theory. Spectral photoconductivity and optical absorption were measured in vacuum for trypaflavine and pinacyanol layers of v…
This study examines the nature of interatomic bonding in titanium beryllides through the fine structure of titanium X-ray absorption spectra and K beta 5 emission bands. Alloys close to TiBe and TiBe2 were prepared by powder sintering, compositionally and structurally checked, and compared with meta…
This paper examines the choice of boundary conditions at a vacuum boundary in the spherical harmonics approximation to the particle transport equation. Using a variational principle for the transport problem, it derives boundary conditions that are optimal in the sense of minimizing the correspondin…
This paper analyzes selected inelastic proton-neutron interactions at 9 BeV recorded in nuclear emulsion exposed to the internal proton beam of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research synchrophasotron. From 72 three-prong events, 22 cases with full identification of secondary charged particles were…
This study investigates the electroacoustic efficiency of a spark discharge in water as a source of high-amplitude positive-pressure pulses. Using a capacitor discharge system with controlled spark-gap length, capacitance, and voltage, the authors recorded current, voltage, and acoustic pressure wav…
This paper examines the relation between the degree of luminescence polarization produced by polarized excitation and by natural excitation, extending the Vavilov and Levshin formula beyond its usual dipole, isotropic-medium setting. By integrating polarization contributions over excitation-vector o…
This paper proposes a schematic theory for the earliest stage of wind wave development, from the first instability of a smooth water surface to the attainment of maximum kinematically possible steepness. Extending earlier momentum-based work on later wave growth, it introduces generalized correction…
This note examines the nature of short-wavelength continuous emission in nonstationary stars, focusing on observational data for AG Dra, NX Mon, and VY Ori and especially on Böhm’s proposed interpretation. By comparing the wavelength dependence of the emission intensity with limits expected for ther…
The paper addresses the construction of normal coordinates for a crystal lattice when retarded electromagnetic interactions are included, a requirement for a consistent treatment of optical properties. Using a dipole approximation with ionic displacements and induced dipole moments, it formulates pl…
This paper identifies a class of magnetohydrodynamic motions in which particle positions are affine functions of their initial coordinates, corresponding to homogeneous deformation of the medium. Substituting this motion into the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations, the analysis derives restrictions…
This paper reports mass spectrographic measurements of the lead isotopes Pb-204, Pb-206, Pb-207, and Pb-208, motivated by nuclear binding energy studies near magic proton and neutron numbers and by the need to refine the reference mass of Pb-208. The authors used a high resolving power mass spectrog…
This paper reports measurements of the ionization of fast neutral potassium atoms in single collisions with argon atoms and hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen molecules. A beam of potassium ions was neutralized by resonant charge exchange, residual ions were deflected, and fast positive potassium ions p…
The paper discusses two space-charge effects that may facilitate electron capture into the betatron acceleration mode by altering the amplitudes of radial oscillations after injection. It argues that interaction within an injected electron beam can shift the instantaneous equilibrium orbit periodica…
This paper gives a rigorous treatment of Wick’s problem on stationary neutron slowing down and diffusion from a plane source in an infinite homogeneous isotropic medium, allowing plane-parallel sources with angular dependence. Starting from the Fourier-Laplace transform of the transport equation, it…
This study examines whether triethanolamine sensitization of nuclear photographic emulsions also preserves latent images and sensitivity during storage. Type P emulsions were treated with triethanolamine, irradiated with relativistic electrons or exposed to light either before or after refrigerated …
This paper analyzes the fluctuation limit of frequency stability in practical quartz oscillators, emphasizing the distinct time constants of the regenerated circuit and the quartz resonator. Using symbolic differential equations and the method of a small parameter, the authors derive fluctuation equ…
This paper studies two-dimensional diffraction of sinusoidal waves by a wedge whose faces satisfy impedance boundary conditions, with particular attention to incidence at the Brewster angle and to surface-wave excitation. Using a Sommerfeld integral representation, the author reduces the boundary co…
This paper develops a many-electron model of metallic superconductivity that incorporates crystal structure into the treatment of interacting outer electrons. Starting from a second-quantized Hamiltonian, the authors derive an electron spectrum with transfer integrals, introduce electron-phonon coup…
This paper develops a finite-temperature thermodynamic treatment of superconductors using the Fröhlich Hamiltonian with the electron-phonon interaction retained explicitly. Applying Bogolyubov canonical transformations and thermodynamic perturbation theory, it introduces renormalized fermion and pho…
The paper studies the angular distribution of electrons in cascade showers at shower maximum, a problem previously treated mainly in small-angle and infinite-primary-energy approximations. Using transport equations with multiple scattering and including ionization losses, it derives Fourier-Bessel a…
This paper examines whether slip lines in crystals can be understood as arrays of ordinary edge dislocations rather than as effects of microcrack opening and closing. The authors derive the stress and birefringence fields for a periodic row of edge dislocations in a slip plane, predict the correspon…
