SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
Photodisintegration of nitrogen-14 nuclei was investigated using a Wilson chamber in a 6700 oersted magnetic field and bremsstrahlung gamma rays with maximum energy 90 MeV, with event identification based on track ranges, ionization, orientations, and curvature. From 2633 events, the relative yields…
This note applies V. V. Sobolev’s method for integral equations with kernels depending on the absolute difference of arguments to the coastal refraction equation for electromagnetic waves with a Macdonald-function kernel. The kernel is represented as a Laplace-type integral, allowing the resolvent t…
This paper investigates acceleration of discharge plasma and generation of strong shock waves in a low pressure gas chamber using coaxial cylindrical electrodes. The proposed method relies on interaction between a radial discharge current and the concentric magnetic field of the central electrode, p…
Ginzburg and Fain address reports of strong electron paramagnetic resonance and anomalous magnetic behavior in macromolecules whose monomers and short chains are diamagnetic. They propose, as a hypothesis, that sufficiently long but finite molecular chains may acquire an antiferromagnetic ground sta…
This article commemorates Abram Fedorovich Ioffe, presenting a biographical overview of his scientific, pedagogical, and institutional contributions to Soviet physics. It traces his early experimental work on crystals, photoelectric phenomena, and quantum evidence, then emphasizes his leading role i…
This paper examines how pressure affects laminar and turbulent burning velocities, using propane-air mixtures as the main experimental case and comparing bomb measurements with prior burner and flow studies. For laminar flames, the authors argue that discrepancies at reduced pressure arise from the …
This paper examines the clock paradox for accelerated charged particles within special relativity by modeling an electron moving on the equilibrium orbit of a betatron. Using the relativistically invariant equation of motion in prescribed time-dependent magnetic and induced electric fields, it deriv…
This paper treats the illumination produced by an isotropic point light source placed in a homogeneous absorbing medium bounded by two parallel, isotropically reflecting planes. Extending Sobolev’s transparent-medium formulation, it sets up coupled integral equations for the surface illuminations, r…
A parametric treatment is developed for the one-particle spectrum of an ideal Fermi gas in a lattice, starting from orthogonalized localized trial functions and assuming lattice-symmetric matrix elements that decrease exponentially with intersite distance. The secular problem is solved for simple cu…
This paper examines convective instability in spatially inhomogeneous plasma using hydrodynamic equations rather than the more complicated collisionless kinetic formulation. For an infinitely conducting magnetohydrodynamic fluid with small-scale perturbations, it derives a stability condition involv…
This paper examines isotropic and anisotropic components of the even photomagnetic effect in single-crystal germanium, where illumination in a magnetic field produces an emf unchanged by reversal of the field. Using a phenomenological expression for the photomagnetic emf, the authors show that an ev…
The paper develops a finite-temperature treatment of elementary excitations in a nonideal Bose-Einstein system by replacing zero-momentum particle operators with a condensate c-number and analyzing temperature Green’s functions for condensate-related and overcondensate density fluctuations. Using Bo…
The paper analyzes the interaction of strong blast and shock waves with weak electromagnetic fields under simplifying assumptions that the fields do not affect the gas motion. For a point explosion in an infinitely conducting perfect gas with an initially uniform magnetic field, the authors use the …
This paper examines lattice defects associated with mechanical deformation, twinning, and detwinning in high purity antimony single crystals. Using selective etching of cleavage planes to reveal dislocations, the authors show that removal of mechanically produced twin lamellae does not fully restore…
This paper reports experimental observations of electroluminescence in black carborundum crystals subjected to rectangular voltage pulses, comparing known glow types associated with electron-hole junctions and point emission. Using photometric, oscillographic, and microscopic measurements at room te…
This paper examines uniqueness for first kind Fredholm integral equations arising in antenna theory for a perfectly conducting body of revolution. Using Stratton-Chu representations, analyticity of axisymmetric Maxwell fields, and uniqueness of the exterior electrodynamic boundary-value problem, it …
This paper analyzes radiation emitted by a fast charged particle moving through an inhomogeneous dielectric medium, with primary attention to periodically varying properties along the direction of motion. Using energy and longitudinal momentum conservation, followed by a Maxwell-equation calculation…
This paper applies previously derived asymptotic one-dimensional relations for conducting plasma motion to the problem of a plasma in a tube driven by a piston with uniformly accelerated displacement. Assuming that a strong shock forms almost immediately, the analysis determines the time function en…
This paper addresses the calculation of the radial distribution function of atoms in a liquid at high density, where standard low-density correlation methods become difficult to apply. It proposes replacing the usual superposition approximation with an assumption that liquid particles may be associa…
This paper formulates the magnetic pushing-aside, or squeezing, of a collisionless fully ionized plasma stream by a body’s magnetic field when the return layer is thin compared with the interaction scale. It treats the return layer as an effective reflecting boundary, derives the pressure balance co…
This paper analyzes the hyperfine structure of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra for a one-electron system with two symmetric potential wells separated by a high barrier. Using perturbation theory with tunneling between wells and Fermi contact hyperfine interaction in the Paschen Back limit, i…
This paper develops a theory of the plasma “return” layer formed at the boundary where a free molecular plasma flow is excluded by an external magnetic field, with the incident flow taken perpendicular to the layer. It derives self-consistent equations for the electric and magnetic fields and for el…
The paper examines possible deformations of the accompanying matter space in Einstein’s theory of gravitation when homogeneous isotropic cosmological models are replaced by anisotropic and inhomogeneous ones. Using a semi-inverse method, it prescribes general analytic and metric properties of select…
This paper develops a superfluid model of medium and heavy nuclei by incorporating attractive residual pairing interactions between nucleons near the Fermi surface into shell and generalized nuclear models. Using Bogolyubov’s variational method and the Nilsson potential in the adiabatic approximatio…
This paper examines the analytic assumptions underlying Mandelstam double spectral representations for scattering amplitudes, focusing on the contribution of fourth order perturbation theory for scalar boson scattering. Using Dyson’s integral representation for causal commutators, the author rewrite…
This paper examines why standard blackbody radiation laws, including Wien’s and Stefan-Boltzmann’s laws, may fail in flame temperature measurements. It develops a radiative-transfer model for a flame under local instantaneous equilibrium, using the Kirchhoff-Planck relation, the Clapeyron equation, …
This paper examines how hydrostatic pressure affects the elastic properties of cerium, with particular attention to the first-order polymorphic transition between the gamma and alpha phases. Using pulsed ultrasonic measurements of longitudinal and transverse wave transit times in annealed cerium spe…
This paper develops asymptotic weak-interaction expansions for a nonideal Bose, Einstein system using a modified thermodynamic perturbation theory based on selective diagram summation. The first approximation is formulated as nonlinear integral equations for the quasiparticle functions, from which e…
This paper investigates quenching processes in sensitized fluorescence of mixed trypaflavine and rhodamine B solutions, focusing on whether excited acceptor molecules can be quenched by donor molecules and how foreign quenchers affect systems with excitation energy migration. Using fluorometric meas…
This paper develops an approximate treatment of plane one-dimensional plasma motion with finite electrical conductivity under the action of a magnetic piston. Assuming the velocity field is linear in position with time-dependent coefficients, the authors transform the magnetic induction equation to …
This paper investigates the photodielectric effect in cadmium selenide at low temperatures, focusing on changes in active and reactive conductivity under optical excitation. Using a bridge method that separately measured conductivity components in CdSe powder embedded in epoxy, the authors observed …
This study examines how modifying additives affect the electron work function of oxide semiconductors, a surface property relevant to adsorption and catalytic behavior but not directly inferred from bulk electrical conductivity. Using contact potential difference measurements by the vibrating conden…
This note studies the expansion of an externally irradiated gas cloud in the isothermal approximation, neglecting self-gravitation and magnetic fields. Using a self-similar ansatz for one-dimensional plane, cylindrical, and spherical symmetry, it derives an exact form in which the density is Gaussia…
This paper reports qualitative observations on luminescent effects in electrets made from copper-activated electroluminescent ZnS dispersed in a polyvinyl butyral binder and polarized in strong electric fields. The study describes three effects associated with the electret state: enhanced luminescen…
The study investigates the decay of Ho-156 in order to refine transition energies, determine conversion characteristics and multipolarities, and construct a level scheme for Dy-156. Ho-156 was produced by high energy proton irradiation of tantalum, chemically separated, and examined with a double fo…
This paper proposes a refinement of Kirkwood’s superposition approximation for the correlation functions of classical liquids. The authors introduce a coordinate-dependent correction factor for the three-particle distribution and a “supersuperposition” approximation for the four-particle distributio…
The paper investigates limiting brightnesses of spark discharge channels in argon, nitrogen, air, and helium under very high current rise rates, extending earlier observations of brightness saturation beyond heavy inert gases. Using a low-inductance discharge circuit and optical measurements of the …
This paper examines a modified formulation of the nonideal Bose-Einstein system in which zero-momentum creation and annihilation operators are replaced by a condensate parameter, with the condensate number fixed by stationarity of the thermodynamic potential. It applies Bogoliubov transformations an…
This paper examines why shock wave measurements show that diatomic molecules can dissociate faster in a pure diatomic gas than in an inert monatomic atmosphere. Using a previously developed theory of thermal dissociation, it analyzes vibrational excitation near an effective dissociation energy and c…
This paper derives a centrally symmetric nonstationary solution of Einstein’s equations for an ideal incompressible fluid undergoing radial motion after a sudden energy release at the center of an initially equilibrium sphere. Using Lagrangian orthogonal coordinates, the analysis obtains the metric …
This paper investigates external photoelectric emission from thin polycrystalline layers of the dyes pinacyanol and pinakryptol deposited on nickel, extending earlier measurements on organic dye films. Using spectral quantum-yield measurements and photoelectron kinetic-energy distributions, the auth…
This paper investigates radiation damage in polycrystalline n-dichlorobenzene using the intensity of the chlorine-35 nuclear quadrupole resonance signal as a sensitive indicator of lattice disorder. Samples irradiated with 750 keV electrons were measured with a frequency-modulated quadrupole radiosp…
This paper studies one-dimensional unsteady self-similar motions of an ideal gas in a transverse magnetic field under the assumptions of infinite conductivity and negligible viscosity and thermal conductivity. A class of solutions is introduced in which velocity, density, pressure, and magnetic-fiel…
This paper investigates anomalous electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of dilute solutions of divalent copper amine complexes and interprets them as evidence for association of complex ions. Using EPR measurements of monoethanolamine, ammine, and ethylenediamine copper complexes in solvents of va…
This paper reports preliminary experiments on producing submillimeter electromagnetic radiation from 17 MeV relativistic electrons passing through a magnetic undulator. The authors describe an undulator built from separate electromagnets to suppress a transverse field component that previously cause…
This paper proposes an entropy-based measure of electron delocalization in atomic and molecular systems, using Born’s probabilistic interpretation of the wave function. For stationary states, the authors define a configuration-space entropy for an entire system and, by integrating the many-electron …
This paper develops a generalized Hartree self-consistent-field method for multiconfiguration atomic calculations, motivated by the need for a Hartree analogue of the generalized Fock method that is not obtained simply by dropping exchange terms. The authors formulate the method by varying multiconf…
This paper examines the generation and amplification of compression waves during flame propagation in gaseous methane mixtures, focusing on the interaction between a compression wave and the flame reaction zone. The authors propose that amplification occurs because wave-induced increases in temperat…
This paper studies nonstationary acoustic diffraction in two-component media with cylindrical or spherical interfaces, focusing on the behavior of the wave field near sliding fronts in the geometrical shadow region. Using exact solutions and the method of separating nonanalytic parts, the authors de…
