SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines the polymerization of isoprene, pentene-1, and their mixtures in hexane using a complex catalyst formed from titanium tetrachloride and triisobutylaluminum. Comparative experiments varied the Al:Ti ratio and measured polymer yield, intrinsic viscosity, and composition by refracti…
This paper examines quasi-diffusion surface waves in polarography arising when a rapid chemical reaction preceding electron transfer occurs on the electrode surface with participation of adsorbed species. Using Langmuir adsorption with low surface coverage, it derives relations for the limiting kine…
This study examines the electroreduction of oxygen on smooth platinum in acid solutions using polarization measurements and a rotating ring disk electrode. The authors compare several acids to assess anion adsorption effects and analyze oxygen reduction in sulfuric acid as a two stage process involv…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of a new class of organoboron compounds, B10C2H10RR1, termed barenes, formed by reactions of decaborane or its ligand complexes with acetylenic compounds. The authors propose a two-stage mechanism involving formation of B10H12L2 complexes followe…
Thermodynamic properties of liquid bismuth, copper, antimony alloys with a fixed bismuth to antimony atomic ratio of 1:3 were investigated as a function of copper concentration. Electromotive forces of concentration cells with copper electrodes were measured for fifteen melts over 1115 to 1215 K, an…
This paper examines the decomposition of α-ferrocenylcarbonium ions formed from ferrocene carbinols under acidic conditions, motivated by earlier observations that positively charged substituents can weaken iron, carbon bonds in ferrocene derivatives. The authors show that carbocations generated fro…
This paper estimates the contribution of ion hydration to the bulk viscosity of dilute aqueous electrolyte solutions, motivated by the role of bulk viscosity in ultrasound absorption. Using a hydrodynamic model of a hydrated ion, the authors analyze a homogeneous stretching flow, solve for the pertu…
This study examines the gas phase mechanism by which phenakite, beryllium silicate, forms and is transported during synthesis from beryllium oxide and silica in the presence of sodium fluoroberyllate. Phenakite was synthesized in sealed evacuated quartz ampoules and in a stream of dry nitrogen, whil…
This paper reports the preparation of previously unknown unsymmetrical aromatic zinc and cadmium organometallic compounds of the type ArMeAr′, where Me is zinc or cadmium. The compounds were synthesized by reactions of mixed zinc or cadmium organometallic halides with the corresponding Grignard reag…
This paper examines competing mechanisms proposed for the formation of molecular hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide in the radiolysis of water. Using the observed dependence of molecular product yields on the concentration of radical acceptors, the authors compare mechanisms involving recombination of t…
This study examines relationships between chemical structure, antimicrobial activity, and toxicity in organophosphorus and related compounds. Seventy-four compounds synthesized in Kazan research institutes were tested against pathogenic fungi, including Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, and…
This paper analyzes high-resolution proton NMR spectra of ferrocene and several ferrocene derivatives, with particular attention to the chemical shifts in ethylferrocene and their relation to ring currents and magnetic anisotropy. Experimental spectra measured in carbon disulfide solution are interp…
This paper reports the synthesis of previously unknown beta-diethylaminoethyl S-esters of several trivalent arsenic thio acids and their N-hydrochlorides, undertaken as part of a search for physiologically active organoarsenic compounds. The compounds were prepared by reacting beta-diethylaminoethyl…
This study examines gas evolution, radical disappearance, and double bond formation during the radiolysis of polyisobutylene over temperatures from liquid nitrogen conditions to elevated temperatures. Using cobalt-60 and electron irradiation, mass spectrometry, chromatography, viscometry, and infrar…
This paper reports the synthesis of fibrous and needle-like alkali amphibole, specifically fluorine- and chlorine-bearing magnesian arfvedsonite, from stoichiometric oxide mixtures with sodium fluoride and chloride fluxes. Experiments at 800 to 1000 degrees showed distinct crystallization conditions…
The study examines the insufficiently characterized reactions of alkyl orthotitanates with anhydrides of dibasic organic acids, using isopropyl and butyl orthotitanates with maleic and phthalic anhydrides in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios. The reactions proceed exothermically at room temperature in ether,…
This paper examines an unusual mode of addition of diazoacetic ester to highly electrophilic fluorinated ketones, especially hexafluoroacetone and nitroperfluoroacetone. The authors show experimentally that hexafluoroacetone gives ethyl β,β-bis(trifluoromethyl)glycidate, while nitroperfluoroacetone …
Gas-phase photoionization of diphenylamine and triphenyl derivatives of Group 5 elements was studied to determine first ionization potentials and assess the nature of the ionization process. Using vacuum ultraviolet radiation with a heated ionization cell for low-volatility compounds, photoionizatio…
This paper examines how the valence OH vibration frequencies of a water molecule are related to the energies of hydrogen bonds formed with its surroundings. Treating the two OH bonds as coupled harmonic oscillators perturbed by symmetric and asymmetric hydrogen-bond interactions, the authors derive …
This study examines the chemical state of protactinium in nitric acid solutions, a factor affecting its separation from thorium, uranium, and fission products in nuclear fuel processes. Protactinium-231 and protactinium-233 were extracted with tributyl phosphate in benzene to assess extraction kinet…
This paper examines how chain-branching kinetics determine the mechanism and limits of self-ignition and detonation onset in hydrogen-oxygen mixtures compressed by shock waves. Using a kinetic scheme for hydrogen combustion, the authors calculate ignition delay times as functions of pressure and tem…
The study applies the emanation method to examine structural changes in zinc oxide and nickel oxide modified with small additions of lithium and gallium oxides. Radioactive thorium labeling and temperature-dependent measurements of thoron release were used to assess lattice defectiveness, solid-solu…
This study examines how lithium halide salts affect the association and reactivity of organolithium compounds in ethereal solution. Using ebullioscopic molecular weight measurements under argon, the authors investigated phenyllithium, alpha-naphthyllithium, methyllithium, n-butyllithium, lithium bro…
The study examines the condensation of 1-methyl-3-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisochromylium perchlorate with several aromatic aldehydes to prepare colored 1-styryl-substituted tetrahydroisochromylium perchlorates. Reactions were carried out in acetic acid, generally with a small amount of acid to suppr…
The study examines the addition of cyanogen chloride to vinyl ethyl ether, a reaction not previously described for unsaturated compounds bearing functional groups, in the presence of radical initiators or ultraviolet irradiation. Experiments using dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate, azo-bis-isobutyric a…
This study examines the radiation-chemical reduction of potassium ferricyanide in aqueous sulfuric acid solutions saturated with hydrogen, using gamma irradiation and spectrophotometric measurement of ferricyanide loss. The authors use high hydrogen pressures to convert hydroxyl radicals into hydrog…
This study examines the nature and composition of species strongly chemisorbed on platinized platinum electrodes in acidic methanol solutions, addressing whether adsorption involves intact methanol molecules or decomposition products. Using charging curves after introducing methanol at controlled el…
Equilibrium adsorption of vapors on microporous adsorbents is examined to clarify whether limiting uptake is governed by surface area or by filling of micropore volume. Using gravimetric isotherms for zeolites CaA and NaX, active carbons with differing microporous structures, and silica gel as an op…
This study quantifies the electricity consumed in forming the passive oxide film on titanium during galvanostatic passivation in acidic reducing media, separating this contribution from leakage current associated with active dissolution. Experiments were carried out on titanium in hydrochloric, sulf…
This study examines the radical telomerization of vinyl acetate with cyanogen chloride, a pseudohalide whose radical reactions were only partly characterized. Vinyl acetate was reacted with excess cyanogen chloride in the presence of dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate at 60°C, giving chloro acetoxy nitr…
This study examines solid solutions between tricalcium silicate, a principal cement mineral, and lanthanum oxyorthosilicate as a means of identifying crystal-chemical features of tricalcium silicate. Samples containing 1 to 25 wt.% lanthanum oxyorthosilicate were synthesized and studied by crystallo…
This study examines how electronic structure affects the rate of hydrogen-deuterium exchange in methyl groups of nitrogen heterocycles and their N-oxides. Rate constants, activation parameters, NMR chemical shifts, kinetic isotope effects, and simple LCAO molecular-orbital calculations were compared…
This paper investigates electrophilic substitution reactions of 1,2-dihydropyrrolizine and several homologs, a bicyclic heterocyclic system previously little studied. The authors introduce formyl, acetyl, oxymethyl, and N-disubstituted aminomethyl groups using dimethylformamide with phosphorus oxych…
This study examines the interaction of cerium molybdenum heteropoly compounds with trivalent rare earth ions from the cerium and yttrium groups. Using chemical analysis, amperometric titration, absorption spectroscopy, pH measurements, and electromigration with labeled cerium, the authors show that …
This study examines how the precipitant and solvent system used in fractionating a methyl methacrylate, styrene copolymer affects the molecular weight distributions of the resulting fractions. Fractions obtained in two systems, differing in their sensitivity to macromolecular composition, were analy…
The study examines the reaction pathway of simple alpha olefins with liquid dinitrogen tetroxide, with particular attention to isobutylene, for which earlier mechanisms had not been experimentally substantiated. Using specially synthesized model intermediates, infrared spectroscopy, polarography, hy…
This study examines the radiation stability of solid alkali-metal azides under cobalt-60 gamma irradiation, with attention to how crystal-lattice characteristics affect radiolysis. Sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium azides were irradiated and analyzed for loss of azide ion and formation of free…
This study examines the reactions of iodine chloride with several morphine-series alkaloids, including diacetylmorphine, codeine, 6-acetylcodeine, diacetyl-N-allylnormorphine, and saturated analogues, in different solvents. The authors isolate previously undescribed iodine chloride complexes or addi…
This paper examines the application of the Simmons Smith cyclopropanation reaction to organosilicon unconjugated di-, tri-, and tetraenes derived from allylsilanes. Dimethyldiallylsilane, methyltriallylsilane, and tetraallylsilane were treated with methylene iodide in the presence of a zinc copper c…
This paper examines the ultraviolet absorption spectra of nitro, acetyl, amino, dimethylamino, and N-phenyl derivatives of thiophene in comparison with corresponding benzene derivatives, using decomposition of molecular structures into polar chromophoric systems. The authors assign observed absorpti…
This study examines the oxidative ammonolysis of methyl vinyl ketone as a route to unsaturated nitriles, especially acrylonitrile, using a continuous flow reactor with a coprecipitated alumovanadium catalyst. The authors first compare catalytic oxidation in the absence of ammonia, where acrolein and…
This paper examines the reaction of triethylgermane with diacetylenic and germanium-containing vinylacetylenic glycols in the presence of chloroplatinic acid catalyst, comparing its behavior with analogous silicon compounds. The authors show that catalyst amount strongly affects the course of hydrog…
The paper examines why the vibrational frequency conventionally assigned to the nitrile C≡N stretching mode increases when nitriles coordinate or adsorb through the nitrogen atom. Using a simplified linear CH3CNM model with acetonitrile force constants held fixed, the authors calculate vibrational f…
This study examines how mutual hydrogen bonding affects measured heats of adsorption for alcohols on graphitized carbon black, a problem that complicates calorimetric determinations at appreciable surface coverage. Using gas chromatography at very low coverages and elevated temperatures, the authors…
This paper examines the formation and transformation of stable and metastable calcium hydroaluminates during hydration of anhydrous monocalcium aluminate, CaO·Al2O3, and tricalcium aluminate, 3CaO·Al2O3, in aqueous suspensions. Using literature analysis together with thermographic studies of hydrati…
The paper examines the relationship between the constants n and K in the topokinetic equation for solid-state reactions. Starting from an expression for K in terms of elementary rate constants and applying transition-state theory, the authors derive a linear compensation relation, log K = a - bn, un…
This paper examines the relation between geometric and strength characteristics in structure formation in disperse systems, using limiting shear stress as the main strength measure. The authors derive a generalized model connecting strength with particle contact force, particle diameter, solid-phase…
This paper revises thermodynamic and geometric relations in binary and ternary iron, carbon alloys, with emphasis on carbon isoactivity lines and the poorly accessible cementite side of the Fe, C constitution diagram. Using Darken and Gurry activity calculations and a modified Hillert method applied…
This paper proposes and tests a pulse chromatographic method for studying bimolecular reaction kinetics, using a chromatographic column before the reactor to purify reactants in situ and detectors before and after reaction to measure conversion and contact time. The method is applied to diene synthe…
