SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper develops a direct numerical method for calculating longitudinal phase trajectories of electrons in the buncher of a linear accelerator while accounting for Coulomb interaction within the beam. Starting from the equations of motion in a traveling-wave field, the charge interaction is repre…
This paper examines whether turbulent diffusion in the wind direction can be neglected in semiempirical models of atmospheric diffusion from point sources. The author formulates the three-dimensional diffusion problem with gravitational settling and ground reflection or absorption, then uses nondime…
This paper investigates the earliest relaxation stages of photoconductivity in sublimed solid layers of metal-free, copper, and magnesium phthalocyanines, motivated by their semiconductor behavior and relation to natural pigments. Using a taumeter method with oscillographic recording, the study meas…
This paper examines whether “ghost” states can be excluded by imposing crossing symmetry in a solvable fixed-source model. The authors construct a Hamiltonian for a two-state nucleon interacting with charged relativistic fermions, show that the interaction is crossing symmetric, and solve the retard…
This paper investigates elastic scattering of 5.45 MeV protons by cobalt, copper, and separated nickel isotopes at energies below the nuclear potential barrier, where earlier studies suggested differences between even-even and odd-even nuclei. Thin metallic targets were irradiated with an analyzed p…
This study examines how temperature affects the fine structure of the titanium K absorption edge in barium monotitanate and tetratitanate, with emphasis on the region near the ferroelectric Curie point of BaTiO3. X-ray absorption spectra were recorded photographically using a focusing tube spectrogr…
This paper examines the stability of a plasma confined in a magnetic dipole field, motivated by mirror trapping in the Earth’s magnetic field and the observed radiation belts. Using the hydrodynamic approximation and the energy principle for small perturbations, the authors derive a stability condit…
This paper examines the excitation of neutral oxygen lines in the solar chromosphere, focusing on the infrared O I triplet near 8446 Å and the quintet near 7774 Å. Using stationarity equations for simplified triplet and quintet level systems, it evaluates the role of Lyman beta radiation in resonant…
This paper examines quartet correlations of nucleons of the alpha particle type in light nuclei and their relation to observed binding energy systematics. Within a shell model framework, the author introduces a model Hamiltonian for interactions between nucleon pairs, applies Bogolyubov’s variationa…
This paper examines depolarization of fluorescence in dye solutions when excitation energy is transferred either radiatively or by nonradiative migration. Using existing dipole-interaction theory, the authors compare predicted polarization values for secondary fluorescence and test them experimental…
This paper develops a variational formulation for determining ferromagnetic characteristics from the hysteresis loop, extending a previous field variational principle to irreversible magnetization with entropy change and magnetostrictive boundary displacement. By treating the problem as one with mov…
This study examines how neutron irradiation affects the magnetization curves of single crystals of silicon iron containing 3 percent Si. Specimens cut along selected crystallographic directions were measured with an astatic magnetometer before and after reactor irradiation to an integral dose of 4.7…
The paper develops a stationary theory for combustion of condensed systems, focusing on burning rate, temperature and concentration profiles, heat and mass balance, and the influence of adjacent smoke-gas and gas phases. Starting from coupled heat conduction, mass conversion, density, and radiative …
The paper derives a relativistic kinetic equation for particles moving in a static spherically symmetric gravitational field, including the case of zero rest mass through a definition of proper time based on the relation between displacement and four momentum. It formulates the particle state space,…
The paper develops an interpolation method for determining the cold compression equation of state of metals at ultrahigh pressures without relying directly on shock-compression data. The elastic pressure is represented as a finite series in relative density, with coefficients constrained by zero-pre…
Terletskii examines the principle of causality in relativistic physics and argues that, rather than treating it as an absolute postulate, it can be understood as a macroscopic statistical consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. The paper defines signals thermodynamically as localized distur…
The paper addresses the calculation of the frequency-dependent optical polarizability of a hydrogen atom or hydrogen-like ion in the ground state, noting that the standard dispersion formula converges slowly away from resonance frequencies. By reducing the perturbation equation to a radial different…
This study examines the fine structure of the vanadium K-absorption edge in the silicides V3Si, V5Si3, and VSi2, alongside Hall effect measurements, to relate electronic structure to bonding and composition. X-ray absorption spectra were compared with metallic vanadium and V2O5, while Hall coefficie…
This paper investigates the motion of dislocations in NaCl crystals using selective etching, with emphasis on observing displacement during deformation rather than only before and after it. The authors develop a suitable etchant based on glacial acetic acid and anhydrous methyl alcohol, enabling cle…
The paper applies an asymptotic, geometrical optics type approximation to one dimensional magnetogasdynamics for a conducting plasma of finite conductivity, with gas velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field and displacement current neglected. Introducing a pseudoscalar magnetic potential, the au…
A high-temperature calorimetric method and apparatus are described for determining the enthalpy and heat capacity of solid substances at temperatures up to about 2400°C, using a massive copper calorimeter, diathermic heat measurement, and specimen heating in vacuum or argon. The method was applied t…
This paper reexamines frontal theories of turbulent combustion, questioning the assumption that laminar or small scale turbulent flame fronts remain effective under arbitrary fragmentation and curvature. It argues that finite burning elements surrounded by fresh mixture can be extinguished when smal…
This paper examines deviations from the usual fourth-power frequency dependence of Raman line intensities as the exciting light approaches electronic absorption bands. Using both classical polarizability derivatives and a quantum expression involving vibrational sublevels of an electronic excited st…
This paper reports direct atmospheric measurements of the skewness coefficient of longitudinal velocity differences in the surface layer, a quantity related to Kolmogorov’s third-order structure function and to the turbulence structure constant. Using two acoustic microanemometers in open steppe ter…
This paper investigates the spectrum of collective plasma oscillations in a high-density electron Fermi gas at finite temperature. Using a finite-temperature transformation of second-quantized operators and a model Hamiltonian equivalent to summing the leading Gell-Mann and Brueckner diagrams, it de…
This paper investigates regularities in secondary electron emission from thin metal and semiconductor layers deposited on substrates of different materials, focusing on the relation between slow secondary emission and inelastically reflected electrons. Using delta eta diagrams and thickness dependen…
The paper analyzes the plane flow of a conducting gas around an inclined current-carrying plate in the large magnetic Reynolds number approximation, where a gas-free cavity forms and pressure balance holds at its boundary. Using a conformal mapping of the cavity region to an annulus, the author deri…
The paper examines why ordinary field theory, lacking a length constant, does not naturally yield a discrete elementary-particle mass spectrum. It argues from automorphisms of the inhomogeneous Lorentz group that masses are continuous under the usual four-dimensional translation structure, then prop…
The study examines the fine structure of proton energy spectra produced in the photodisintegration of enriched lithium-6 by bremsstrahlung gamma rays with a maximum energy of 28 MeV. Proton tracks were recorded in nuclear emulsions, corrected for target energy losses and backgrounds, and analyzed to…
This paper investigates how the shape and rise time of an applied voltage wave affect spark breakdown in long rod to plane air gaps. Experiments with gaps of 1 to 3.75 m under oblique front voltage waves measured breakdown voltage as a function of discharge time, showing pronounced minima at about 1…
This paper studies how the quantum decay law of an unstable physical system constrains, and is constrained by, the energy distribution when that distribution has a finite first moment. Using analyticity, positive definiteness, Carleman’s theorem, and Paley-Wiener type conditions, it derives a relati…
This paper reports a spectroscopic investigation of hypersonic propagation in highly viscous liquids during transition toward the glassy state, focusing on triacetin and extending earlier measurements for glycerin. Using Mandelstam-Brillouin components of the Rayleigh line in a Fabry-Perot setup, th…
This paper applies the finite-temperature two-time Green function method of Bogolyubov and Tyablikov to an interacting low-density Fermi gas. In the low-density approximation, the two-particle Green function is reduced to a two-body spectral problem, yielding the second correlation function and allo…
This paper examines how crystal lattice defects can alter spin-lattice relaxation in paramagnetic crystals, addressing discrepancies between ideal-crystal theory and low-temperature experiments. Using Lifshitz’s theory of vibrations in nonideal lattices, it estimates defect-induced relative atomic d…
This paper addresses the determination of electron-density distributions in crystals from X-ray diffraction data, focusing on errors caused by truncating Fourier series and by artificial extrapolation or temperature-factor corrections. The authors propose separating the atomic scattering factor into…
A method is developed for deriving the high-pressure equation of state of metals from experimental Hugoniot adiabats, and is applied to iron up to pressures of several million atmospheres. The treatment combines semiempirical expressions for the zero-temperature potential energy and pressure with De…
This paper derives selection rules for one-electron electric multipole transitions between configurations of the form lq l′ and lq l″ when the core shell is described by LS coupling but the total state may be represented in LS, Jj, Jl, or LS0 coupling schemes. The authors express line strengths thro…
This paper examines impurity conductivity in indium-doped p-type germanium at low temperatures, where thermal ionization is negligible and weak electric fields can produce impact ionization because of small impurity ionization energies and long carrier mean free paths. Using current density and Hall…
This paper investigates galvanomagnetic phenomena in electron-type indium antimonide under pulsed magnetic fields strong enough to make quantum effects important. Hall effect, transverse magnetoresistance, and longitudinal magnetoresistance were measured for five n-InSb samples with different carrie…
This paper analyzes nonlinear energy exchange between a helical electron beam and the field of an unretarded H01 wave in a circular waveguide, a problem relevant to millimeter wave generation. Using a Hamiltonian formulation, the author derives integrals of motion, transforms to action phase variabl…
This paper reports measurements of the x-ray photoelectric quantum yield of tungsten, nickel, and beryllium metallic cathodes for wavelengths from 1.39 to 13.3 Å as a function of grazing incidence angle. The experiments show a sharp increase in yield as the angle decreases, with an approximate cosec…
This paper analyzes vibrational relaxation in an isolated system of harmonic oscillators, motivated by nonequilibrium vibrational processes in reacting and shock-heated gases. Using gas-kinetic rate equations with one-quantum transitions, it distinguishes between vibrational quantum exchange in osci…
This paper develops a unified theoretical treatment of light absorption and luminescence bands in complex molecules within the adiabatic approximation. Starting from trace expressions for the Fourier transforms of absorption and emission spectral densities, it discusses how continuous bands can aris…
This paper extends Gor’kov’s Green function formulation of superconductivity from a model four fermion interaction to an explicit electron phonon interaction, neglecting Coulomb forces and considering the zero temperature case. Starting from coupled Heisenberg equations for electrons and longitudina…
This paper studies anomalous, or unphysical, thresholds in perturbation theory for elementary particle reaction diagrams, with emphasis on their relevance to Mandelstam spectral representations. Using the alpha representation of Feynman diagram amplitudes, it derives general criteria for when the fi…
This paper examines whether a semiconductor catalyst undergoes reversible changes in electronic properties during a catalytic reaction, using manganese dioxide in the oxidation of carbon monoxide as a model system. Electrical conductivity was measured in a flow-circulation vacuum apparatus under vac…
This paper develops a statistical formulation for classical nonlinear fields by assigning microcanonical and canonical probability functionals over field configurations and, when finite energy and invariants are imposed, over the world lines of particle-like field solutions. It argues that nonlinear…
This paper applies the retarded Green’s function method to exciton states in crystals, with emphasis on treating electron correlations at finite temperature. Starting from a general electron Hamiltonian on a lattice, it derives an equation of motion for a two-particle Green’s function and closes it …
This communication examines a resonant type of oscillation in the ultrasound absorption coefficient of metals placed in a magnetic field, distinct from previously known sinusoidal oscillations. It argues that sharp absorption maxima arise when the averaged electron displacement projected along the u…
