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Showing 50 of 5847 papers in Mathematics

NORMAL SPACES AS IMAGES OF ZERO-DIMENSIONAL SPACES

In this paper the following is proved.
1960 SovietRxiv: ru-196001.01692

The paper proves that every normal topological space of weight τ can be represented as the image of a zero-dimensional subspace of a generalized Cantor discontinuum of the same weight. The construction uses directed refining systems of finite canonical coverings, forms an inverse spectrum of finite …

On the Numerical Continuation of the Solution of an Initial Value Problem for Ordinary Differential Equations

Unknown
1960 SovietRxiv: ru-196001.01567

The paper studies numerical continuation for initial value problems for ordinary differential equations using piecewise linear approximate solutions associated with Euler, Runge, and Adams type schemes, including versions affected by bounded round-off errors. It formulates conditions under which the…

SIMULTANEOUS REDUCTION OF A PAIR OF BILINEAR FORMS TO CANONICAL FORM

A pair of bilinear forms is considered
1960 SovietRxiv: ru-196001.01069

The paper studies the simultaneous reduction of two bilinear forms whose matrices are symmetric or skew-symmetric, over the real or complex numbers. It gives a canonical decomposition of any such pair into a direct sum of explicitly listed elementary pairs, with uniqueness up to the order of summand…

On an algorithm for automating the numerical solution of the plane Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation

M. A. ALEKSIDZE
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.99622

This paper describes an algorithm for a universal program automating the numerical solution of the plane Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation on general domains using finite difference methods. The proposed procedure encodes parametrically given boundaries, replaces them by a grid polygon, cla…

A Criterion for a Completely Uniformly Distributed Sequence

A. G. POSTNIKOV
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.99513

This paper gives a sufficient criterion for a sequence of real numbers in the unit interval to be completely uniformly distributed. The criterion assumes a uniform upper bound, proportional to volume, for the limiting frequency with which consecutive blocks of any dimension fall in an arbitrary para…

On the Forms of Extremal Multiply Monotone Polynomials

B. A. RYMARENKO
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.98532

This note studies extremal problems for real polynomials with multiple monotonicity conditions on an interval or on the real line, under admissible linear constraints on their coefficients. It proves existence theorems describing extremal elements with minimal oscillation in the classes of multiply …

Defining Relations in Categories

Academician A. I. MAL′TSEV
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.97860

This note extends the theory of defining relations from models to general categories, using homomorphisms to express substructures, products, free compositions, and related notions. It introduces replicas of objects in subcategories as a categorical formulation of structures determined by generators…

On a Formula for the Expansion of an Arbitrary Function

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.96720

The paper derives an expansion formula for arbitrary vector functions associated with a boundary value problem for a system of linear differential equations on several intervals, with piecewise smooth coefficients depending on a complex parameter and including negative powers of that parameter. Usin…

AN INVERSION FORMULA FOR THE SOMMERFELD INTEGRAL

As is known, a solution of the two-dimensional wave equation
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.96425

The paper derives inversion formulas for the Sommerfeld integral representation of solutions of the two-dimensional wave equation, with emphasis on functions defined by contour integrals in wedge diffraction problems. It proves existence and uniqueness of an odd analytic density satisfying specified…

A New Metric Invariant of Transitive Dynamical Systems and Automorphisms of Lebesgue Spaces

Academician A. N. KOLMOGOROV
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.96025

This paper introduces entropy per unit time as a new metric invariant for transitive dynamical systems and automorphisms of Lebesgue spaces, addressing whether systems with countable Lebesgue spectrum are all isomorphic modulo zero. It develops the needed notions of conditional entropy and condition…

On the Theory of Operational Calculus

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.94996

The paper constructs an analogue of the Laplace transform for Mikusiński’s operational calculus, motivated by the simplifying role of Laplace integrals in operational formulas. It defines rings of Laplace transforms modulo ideals determined by exponential shifts, forms a direct sum of quotient rings…

Homotopy Classification of Vector Fields

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.94215

This note gives a homotopic classification of nonsingular unit tangent vector fields on orientable smooth closed manifolds with Euler characteristic zero. Using obstruction and difference cohomology, together with a classification theorem for section surfaces, it identifies the homotopy classes firs…

On a Boundary Value Problem for Linear Elliptic Systems of First-Order Differential Equations in the Plane

Let us consider the system of differential equations
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.93092

This paper studies a boundary value problem for uniformly elliptic first order linear systems in a simply connected planar domain, with Hölder continuous oblique real boundary condition. The system is reduced by complex notation and conformal mapping to a generalized Beltrami type equation in the di…

Maximum correlation coefficient (asymmetric case)

O. V. SARMANOV
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.91874

This paper extends the notion of a maximal correlation coefficient to the nonsymmetric case of two random variables with a joint density on a rectangular, possibly infinite, domain. Using Hilbert-Schmidt theory, it associates the nonsymmetric density with two symmetric kernels having the same eigenv…

Structural Characterization of Some Classes of Algebras

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.91203

This note studies when a category of structures can be represented, in the stronger sense of structural equivalence, by a subclass of algebras of a fixed type. It develops conditions involving free structures, homomorphic closure, additivity, boundedness, regularity, divisible homomorphisms, and fin…

Internal Homology

V. A. ROKHLIN
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.90749

This note studies the image of the natural homomorphism from the group of internal homologies to the group of internal homologies modulo 2, using the known Thom and Dold description of the unoriented cobordism algebra by generators. Rokhlin proves that several conditions on a manifold are equivalent…

On Weak and Strong Convergence

M. I. KADEC
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.90722

The paper studies the relation between weak and strong convergence in Banach spaces and proves that every separable Banach space admits an equivalent norm for which weak convergence together with convergence of norms implies norm convergence. The proof is first carried out for the space of continuou…

On the Differential Properties of Generalized Solutions of Some Multidimensional Variational Problems

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.90303

This paper studies generalized minimizers of multidimensional variational integrals whose integrands depend on the first derivatives and satisfy growth, ellipticity, and differentiability assumptions of order p at least 2. Using difference quotient arguments and weak variational identities, it estab…

EXPANSION IN EIGENFUNCTIONS OF NON-SELF-ADJOINT SINGULAR DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS

The expansion formulas for the boundary-value problem on the half-axis
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.90257

This note develops expansion formulas for non-self-adjoint singular differential operators on the half-axis, generalizing Weyl’s spectral representation for self-adjoint boundary-value problems. It introduces spectral functions as generalized functions on a space of even entire functions of exponent…

Irregular surfaces of bounded extrinsic curvature

I. Ya. BAKELMAN
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.89952

This paper addresses Aleksandrov’s problem of defining a class of irregular surfaces in three-dimensional Euclidean space whose intrinsic metrics have bounded curvature while also including smooth surfaces of bounded extrinsic curvature, general convex surfaces, and DC surfaces. The author replaces …

Solving a System of Finite Difference Equations Corresponding to the Dirichlet Problem Using a Normal Sequence of Signs

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.89513

The paper proposes a method for solving finite difference equations arising from the planar Dirichlet problem by using a normal sequence of signs. It first proves a theorem on the asymptotic frequency with which variable length combinations from a prescribed set occur in a normal sequence, under con…

On the Relationship Between Integral Equations of Convolution Type and Equations with the Cauchy Kernel

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.89031

This note studies the relationship between integral equations of convolution type on the real line and singular integral equations with a Cauchy kernel. It introduces weighted function classes for the unknown function, kernels, and right hand side, then uses Fourier transforms and analytic continuat…

On the asymptotics of solutions of problems with rapidly oscillating boundary conditions for partial differential equations

M. I. Vishik, L. A. Lyusternik
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.89006

This paper studies boundary-layer asymptotics for solutions of first boundary-value problems for elliptic partial differential equations of arbitrary even order when the boundary data oscillate rapidly. Using local boundary coordinates, a rescaling normal to the boundary, and an iterative expansion …

An Example of a Zero-Dimensional Normal Space Having Infinite Dimension in the Sense of Coverings

Yu. SMIRNOV
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.88848

Smirnov generalizes Dowker’s example of a normal space with small inductive dimension zero but larger covering dimension. The paper studies convergent subsets of the product of the space of countable ordinals with a separable metric space, proving that such subsets are normal, countably paracompact,…

Expansion Formula for an Arbitrary Function in a Series of Fundamental Functions of a Class of Boundary Value Problems with a Parameter

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.88761

The paper derives an expansion formula for arbitrary functions in \(L_2\) in terms of fundamental functions associated with a class of parameter-dependent boundary-value problems for linear partial differential equations. The class considered permits partial separation of variables, reducing the ana…

Bicompact Extensions of Semibicompact Spaces

E. SKLYARENKO
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.88745

The paper studies bicompact extensions of semibicompact Hausdorff spaces, focusing on when the remainder of an extension is zero-dimensional. Using special bases of open sets with bicompact boundaries and methods from proximity space theory, it constructs compatible proximities and the corresponding…

ON THE CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR SYSTEMS OF LINEAR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH ANALYTIC COEFFICIENTS

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.88072

This note studies the Cauchy problem for first order systems of linear partial differential equations with analytic coefficients and analytic initial data, focusing on convergence of a simple finite difference approximation. By extending the variables to a complex domain and using Cauchy estimates t…

Estimates of Weyl Sums and the Distribution of Prime Numbers

Unknown
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.86703

The paper develops improved estimates for Weyl sums associated with polynomials of degree \(n+1\), using a fundamental lemma based on Hölder’s inequality, solution counts for systems of power equations, and Vinogradov-type mean value estimates. It proves bounds for arbitrary Weyl sums when the leadi…

Groups with finite classes of conjugate abelian subgroups

I. I. EREMIN
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.86126

This paper addresses whether groups in which every abelian subgroup has only finitely many conjugates form a broader class than groups in which every subgroup has this property. Building on Neumann’s characterization of groups with finitely many conjugates of every subgroup, the argument reduces the…

Asymptotics of Eigenfunctions of the Equation $\Delta u+k^2u=0$ with Boundary Conditions on Equidistant Curves and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves in a Waveguide

Consider the equation
1958 SovietRxiv: ru-195801.86100

The paper studies high-frequency asymptotics for eigenfunctions of the Helmholtz equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions in domains bounded by equidistant curves, including closed, finite, and infinite waveguide geometries. Using normal coordinates based on one boundary curve and a variational r…