SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of several silicon hydrocarbons in the disilanemethane and disilaneethane series bearing varied alkyl substituents. The compounds were synthesized through reactions of organolithium reagents with alkylchloro and dialkylchloro disilanemethane de…
This study examines how the propylene to oxygen ratio affects formation of carbonyl compounds during propylene oxidation over a 1.5% copper oxide catalyst on silicon carbide at 350°C. Using product derivatization, hydroxylamine titration, gas analysis, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the authors …
This study examines the reactions of dibromides of unsaturated delta lactones with water and ethyl alcohol as routes to bromine substituted delta keto acids and their esters. The authors show that hydrolysis proceeds with lactone ring opening and loss of hydrogen bromide to give gamma or epsilon bro…
This paper examines manganese-activated zinc-borate phosphors and the factors controlling their luminescence color. Using X-ray powder diffraction, luminescence spectra, thermoluminescence measurements, and thermal analysis, it identifies two individual phosphor phases, ZnO·B2O3(Mn) with green emiss…
This paper examines the mechanism of olefin hydration in aqueous strong acid solutions, focusing on whether observed Hammett acidity correlations justify a stepwise pathway through a pi-complex or carbonium ion. Using thermochemical estimates, molecular orbital considerations, solvation energies, an…
This study examines the adsorption of normal aliphatic alcohols from carbon tetrachloride solutions on two hydrophilic silica adsorbents with similar hydrated surfaces but different structures: porous silica gel and practically nonporous white soot. Adsorption isotherms and limiting adsorption value…
This paper investigates a catalytic route to n-xylylenediamine, a monomer of interest for high-molecular-weight polyamides, through hydrogenation of industrially available terephthalic acid dinitrile. Hydrogenation was studied in dioxane with added ammonia under high hydrogen pressure using Raney ni…
This study examines the reaction of hydrazine with N-acyl and N-aminoacyl derivatives of diketopiperazines, extending earlier observations on hydrazine cleavage and addition reactions. Through experiments on phenylalanine and glycine anhydride derivatives bearing acetyl, phthalylglycyl, phthalylalan…
This paper examines substitution reactions in bis-dimethylglyoxime complexes of trivalent cobalt, with particular attention to the trans influence of the hydroxo group. The authors prepare and characterize potassium and sodium dihydroxo-bis-dimethylglyoximocobaltates, hydroxo-aquo and diaquo derivat…
The study examines whether silanes lacking halogen substituents, or bearing an aromatic group, undergo thermal telomerization with ethylene through an Si-H bond under pressure without added catalysts or initiators. Ethylene was reacted in steel autoclaves with triethylsilane, triethoxysilane, and ph…
This study examines anomalous outcomes in the acylation of pyrazolines, especially the reaction of 3,5,5-trimethylpyrazoline with benzoyl chloride, where earlier products assigned as N-benzoylpyrazolines are reidentified. Through independent synthesis, melting point comparisons, absorption spectra, …
This paper investigates the heterogeneous amination of solid chlorinated rubber with aqueous ammonia under pressure, focusing on how reaction temperature and the chlorine content of the starting rubber affect product composition and anion-exchange behavior. The authors measure nitrogen and chlorine …
This paper examines the molecular structure of 9-aminoacridine using infrared absorption spectra, addressing conflicting interpretations that assign either an amine form or an acridone-imine form. The authors compare 9-aminoacridine with 1- and 2-aminoacridine, 9-aminoanthracene, acridone, acridane,…
This paper examines why C-H bond rupture energies in hydrocarbons vary much more strongly with molecular structure than average bond energies or heats of formation would suggest. Building on Semenov’s interpretation, it attributes these variations chiefly to stabilization of the radicals formed on d…
This paper addresses early synthetic approaches to the tetracycline ring system, focusing on tricyclic intermediates whose A and B rings resemble those of natural tetracycline antibiotics and whose C ring can support later construction of a fourth ring. The authors describe a two-stage route from su…
This study examines sulfuric acid catalyzed alkylation of cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and several alkylcyclohexanes with propylene or butylene, with attention to both synthetic utility and substituent effects in alicyclic hydrocarbons. Chemically purified cyclanes were reacted under varied temperatur…
This paper investigates the oxidative chlorination of methane as a route combining methane chlorination with oxidation of hydrogen chloride, using cupric chloride supported on pumice as a heterogeneous catalyst. Flow experiments first examined hydrogen chloride oxidation to chlorine, then compared m…
This study examines the kinetics of metallic sodium dissolution in water, water and dioxane mixtures, and water and butyric acid systems at controlled temperatures using hydrogen evolution as the reaction measure. Because sodium reacts too rapidly with pure water for detailed observation, dioxane or…
This study examines whether carboxylic acids undergo coupled decarboxylation during the low-temperature autoxidation of a hydrocarbon, using mixtures of isopropylbenzene with acetic, butyric, isobutyric, and stearic acids at 80.5°C in the presence of cobalt acetate. Oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide evo…
This paper examines the origin of anode overvoltage on carbon electrodes in molten electrolytes, focusing on the role of electrochemically active intermediate carbon and oxygen compounds. Using a carbon test tube anode with an internal carbon oxygen reference electrode, the study measures the potent…
This study examines the vapor-phase oxidation of styrene and alpha-methylstyrene by atmospheric oxygen over granulated tin vanadate, using a flow apparatus with short contact times and moist air. The authors identify and quantify principal products including benzoic acid, maleic anhydride, quinone, …
This study examines the formation of acetylene during incomplete combustion of methane in oxygen, a process relevant to oxidative pyrolysis of natural gas. Using a Bunsen-type burner, water-cooled microprobes, and fine thermocouples, the authors measured gas composition and temperature distributions…
This paper examines whether a hydrogen chloride flame can serve as a spectroscopic source for determining dissociation energies of metal chlorides, using the equilibrium reaction NaCl to Na plus Cl as a test case. Sodium chloride and sodium carbonate solutions were introduced into an H2 plus Cl2 fla…
This paper investigates the catalytic phenylation of hydrogen-containing alkylchlorosilanes, especially methyl- and ethyldichlorosilanes, with benzene. Using sealed autoclave experiments, the authors compare several potential catalysts and identify boric acid as an effective and convenient catalyst,…
This study examines whether the phenyl nuclei in substituted diphenyl ketones remain coplanar in solution and in the crystalline state, a question relevant to the transmission of electronic effects through biphenyl systems. Infrared spectra of crystalline samples and dioxane solutions, supplemented …
This study examines the partial reaction of ethylene oxide with silicon tetrachloride and ethyltrichlorosilane, in contrast to earlier work that mainly reported fully substituted products. By controlling stoichiometry and adding liquid ethylene oxide to cooled chlorosilanes followed by distillation,…
This paper examines the thermodynamics of phosphorus removal from iron by molten slags, focusing on how slag composition affects the heat and entropy terms of the dephosphorization equilibrium. Using radioactive phosphorus to determine phosphorus distribution between iron and slag over 1560 to 1810 …
This study examines the polymerization and copolymerization behavior of 2-vinylpyridine and 2-vinylquinoline in order to assess how a nitrogen heteroatom and increased aromatic ring complexity affect vinyl monomer reactivity. The monomers were synthesized from picoline and quinaldine, characterized,…
This paper investigates organic derivatives of selenious and tellurous acids as analytical reagents, focusing on compounds containing seleninic and tellurinic acid groups and comparing their behavior with earlier claims about related sulfinic and seleninic acids. The authors synthesized and examined…
This paper examines how complex-forming additives influence the microstructure of polybutadiene obtained by polymerizing divinyl with butyllithium in petroleum ether. Experiments at 50 degrees show that small amounts of oxygen, as well as alcohol or phenol derivatives formed as lithium alkoxides or …
This study examines the dipole moments of dimethine merocyanine dyes derived from 3-ethylrhodanine and containing various nitrogenous heterocyclic residues. The authors measured dipole moments in benzene at 25 degrees by the heterodyne method, including several related precursor and betaine compound…
This paper examines the two-stage mechanism of the Arbuzov rearrangement by attempting to isolate intermediate products from aliphatic phosphorus compounds, which had generally been considered too unstable for direct preparation. Esters of dialkylphosphinous acids were reacted with alkyl iodides und…
This study investigates physical adsorption of carbon dioxide on silica gels over a broad temperature and pressure range, from minus 85 to 40 degrees Celsius and up to 85 atm, in order to test adsorption theory under conditions including the critical region. Using volumetric measurements, fugacity c…
This paper reports measurements of the saturated vapor pressure of solid bismuth, a quantity needed for thermodynamic calculations relevant to possible use of bismuth as a heat-transfer medium. The authors used an isotopic-exchange method with radioactive bismuth-210, exposing paired bismuth-coated …
This paper calculates adsorption bond energies for selected hydrocarbons on graphite and relates them to chromatographic separation behavior. Using an additive molecular-unit model with dispersion interactions evaluated from the Kirkwood formula, the authors estimate adsorption energies for n-alkane…
This paper addresses the normalization of X-ray, electron, and neutron scattering intensity curves used to derive radial distribution functions for gases, liquids, amorphous bodies, and mixed crystalline-amorphous systems. Instead of relying on the high-angle damping condition, which is vulnerable t…
This study examines how the initial charge density of RDX affects its explosive decomposition, challenging the assumption that its heat of explosion is a fixed material constant. Using dried RDX charges of varying density detonated in a steel calorimetric bomb, the authors measured heats of explosio…
This study examines chemisorption on nickel oxide and nickel oxide solid solutions whose electronic properties are modified by dissolved lithium or iron oxides. Using pressure drop measurements and conductivity observations, the authors compare adsorption kinetics for oxygen, carbon monoxide, acetyl…
This paper examines the selective hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of monosaccharides and polyhydric alcohols over nickel catalysts in aqueous solution under high hydrogen pressure. It critiques earlier mechanistic interpretations based on dehydrogenation or absolute free energies, and applies Balan…
This study examines whether proton transfer participates in the formation of the primary photoreduced form of chlorophyll and related pigments. Using deuterium substitution in ascorbic acid, achieved by adding heavy water in pyridine solutions, the authors compared spectrophotometric and potentiomet…
This study examines the use of low-temperature ultraviolet absorption spectra for identifying the number and positions of side chains in benzene homologs. Spectra of purified tri- and tetraalkylbenzenes, para-disubstituted benzenes, and alkenyl-substituted compounds were recorded in crystalline or p…
This paper examines the relation between viscosity and liquid structure using isoviscous liquid metal solutions, defined as solutions with coincident viscosity, temperature curves. Zinc and cadmium solutions in mercury with paired equal viscosities were studied by X-ray scattering, with scattered in…
This paper analyzes electrochemical approaches to protecting metals and alloys from corrosion in strong oxidizing media, where high redox potentials can cause transpassivation and loss of protective film properties. Using polarization diagrams, it explains how protection may be achieved by lowering …
This study examines how substituents affect the optical, electrical, and chemical properties of monosubstituted benzenes. Using Raman line intensities near 1600 cm-1, molecular refraction exaltation, ultraviolet absorption data, dipole moment anomalies, and Hammett constants, the authors compare a b…
This study examines transformations of tungstate anions in aqueous sodium paratungstate and acidified sodium tungstate solutions, especially the effects of pH, heating, and aging. Using dialysis, polarography, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, chromatography, and anion-exchange behavior, the auth…
This paper reports the synthesis of 5-methoxyindole derivatives related to 5-hydroxyindole, a structural element of serotonin and of compounds of interest as serotonin antimetabolites. A series of 2-aryl-5-methoxyindoles was prepared by condensing p-anisidine with substituted omega-haloacetophenones…
This paper estimates the activation energy of the elementary chain propagation reaction between peroxy radicals and hydrocarbon molecules in the liquid phase oxidation of n-decane. Because hydroperoxide decomposition occurs concurrently with hydroperoxide formation, the authors derive a kinetic rela…
This study examines how solvent viscosity affects radical polymerization rates and polymer molecular size for acrylamide, methacrylamide, and methylolmethacrylamide. The authors compare ultraviolet initiated polymerization in water with polymerization in highly viscous glycerin, measuring conversion…
The paper examines the interpretation of conjugation and dual electrophilic addition in butadiene-1,3, focusing on the mesomeric and electromeric explanation associated with Ingold’s theory. It compares structural and spectroscopic evidence, especially C-C and C=C bond distances and vibrational freq…
This study examines the passivation and depassivation of lead anodes in concentrated fluosilicic, perchloric, and fluoboric acids at low temperatures, with attention to critical current density, acid concentration, temperature, and stirring. Measurements of anode potential and current show that pass…
