SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines the atmospheric pressure polymerization of isobutylene using boron fluoride adsorbed on aluminum oxide, with attention to temperature, space velocity, boron fluoride introduction, catalyst lifetime, and support effects. Experiments show high conversion over BF3 on alumina without…
This paper examines the mercuration of polystyrene as a route to new high molecular weight derivatives, treating the polymer itself as a substrate for further synthesis. Polystyrene was reacted with mercury acetate under several solvent and temperature conditions, with acetic acid giving mercuriacet…
This article develops a mechanical approach to the stretching of polymer systems, using idealized rubber as the main example, and contrasts it with prevailing statistical thermodynamic treatments. It argues that deformation is governed by elastic stretching of polymer segments organized into primary…
This paper addresses the limited availability of convenient syntheses for 4-methyl-2-phenyl-5,6-benzoquinoline, 2,4-diphenyl-5,6-benzoquinoline, and related derivatives. The authors propose and test a catalytic condensation of Schiff bases derived from 2-naphthylamine and substituted aromatic aldehy…
This paper investigates the solubility of finely ground quartz sand in distilled water at room temperature, motivated by the role of quartz in lime-sand binders, concretes, and grinding processes. Quartz powders produced by dry vibratory milling were characterized by nitrogen adsorption surface-area…
This paper describes the synthesis of silicon-containing vinyl ethers, a class not readily accessible by conventional base-catalyzed vinylation because of the hydrolytic instability of silanol-derived alkoxy and alkenyloxy silanes. The authors develop a method based on chloroplatinic acid catalyzed …
This study examines how oxygen affects paramagnetic resonance absorption in finely powdered alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl at 127 MHz. Measurements of line intensity and half-width under vacuum, atmospheric air, liquid oxygen, and liquid nitrogen show that lowering oxygen pressure increase…
This study examines the elementary interaction of alkyl radicals with nitrogen dioxide, a key step proposed in vapor-phase alkane nitration, and tests whether nitro compounds and alkyl nitrites are formed by parallel pathways. Alkyl radicals were generated from hydrogen atoms and ethylene under low-…
This study develops a spectroscopic method for examining adsorption and catalytic transformations on transparent palladium films deposited in vacuum on optical cell windows, avoiding complications from extraneous gases. Ultraviolet and infrared spectra of cyclohexadiene-1,3 vapors in cells with pall…
This paper examines the acid-catalyzed synthesis of carboxylic acid esters and related derivatives from carbon monoxide, olefins, and acylatable compounds under comparatively mild conditions. The authors propose a two-stage method in which olefins and carbon monoxide first form an acylating complex …
This study examines how coordination of addend molecules affects the low temperature photoluminescence spectra of uranyl nitrate. Anhydrous uranyl nitrate and a series of microcrystalline coordination compounds with water, ammonia, ethers, pyridine, alcohol, acetonitrile, nitro compounds, nitrogen d…
This paper proposes a physically interpretable scheme for analyzing the magnetic susceptibility of diamagnetic organic compounds, addressing the lack of correspondence between Pascal’s empirical magnetochemical constants and the quantum mechanical division into Langevin diamagnetism and Van Vleck pa…
The study determines thermodynamic properties of copper-palladium alloys using electromotive-force measurements of cells with copper halide molten electrolytes over 600 to 760 degrees Celsius. From e.m.f. temperature dependences for several alloy compositions, the authors derived copper and palladiu…
This study investigates equilibrium deuterium distribution in isotope exchange reactions involving liquid hydrogen chloride, with particular attention to systems containing water, benzene, and cyclopentane. Exchange experiments were performed in sealed liquid phase systems, often with aluminum chlor…
This paper examines why electrochemical polishing of metals can yield highly smooth surfaces while still allowing structural etching at very small scales. It develops a diffusion and potential based estimate for the size range of crystalline features that can be etched during anodic dissolution, con…
This paper describes a total synthesis of rutin, quercetin-3-rutinoside, a vitamin P active flavonoid whose preparation is complicated by the multiple hydroxyl groups of quercetin and the low reactivity of the 3-hydroxyl group. Quercetin was prepared by a modified Allan and Robinson route using benz…
This study experimentally examines V. G. Levich’s equation for convective diffusion to a rotating disk under turbulent conditions, particularly the predicted universality of the constant in the turbulent diffusion expression. The authors measured dissolution rates of terephthalic acid in dilute aque…
This paper investigates the sulfuric acid catalyzed condensation of benzene and alkylbenzenes with halogen derivatives of isobutylene, chiefly methallyl chloride, as a route to haloalkylated aromatic compounds containing branched alkyl groups with quaternary carbon atoms. The authors vary reagent ra…
This paper reports Knudsen effusion measurements of the saturated vapor pressures of thallium sulfide and thallium oxide compounds relevant to the preparation of thallium sulfide photocells, for which thermodynamic data were lacking. The authors synthesized Tl2S and Tl2O3, used radioactive indicator…
This study examines reactions of ferrocene mono- and disulfonic acids, focusing on preparation of sulfur-containing derivatives and attempted replacement of the sulfo group. Lead salts were treated with phosphorus chlorides to form mono- and dichloroanhydrides, sulfochlorides were converted to amide…
This paper examines the chemical basis of gelatin’s photographic activity during emulsion ripening, focusing on impurity substances that bind silver ions and alter ripening kinetics. Using adsorption on selected ion-exchange resins and electrodialysis, the authors remove and separate active impuriti…
This paper reports the catalytic hydrogenation of several unsymmetrical diarylethanes and related oxydiarylethanes previously obtained by acetylene alkylation of aromatic substrates. The compounds were hydrogenated at elevated temperature and pressure in an autoclave using nickel on kieselguhr, with…
This paper describes 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid as a highly sensitive fluorescent reagent for detecting aluminum ions. The reaction produces a bright blue fluorescence in ultraviolet light at about pH 3 and above, and can be performed in solution or by a reagent-paper drop method, with reported detection…
This paper examines whether measurements of boiling temperature and vapor composition can be used for physicochemical analysis of binary liquid systems, especially where chemical interaction between components occurs. Using ebulliometric measurements under controlled pressure, the authors compare no…
This paper investigates the spontaneous thinning of double-sided liquid films in the thickness range from 0.2 to 0.03 microns, using automatic interference microphotometry on aniline and aqueous films with minimal stabilizer concentrations. The author compares measured drainage rates with the Reynol…
This study examines the fractional composition and physicochemical properties of sodium carboxymethylcellulose samples used in drilling fluids, adhesive applications, and related technologies. The authors fractionated four samples by precipitation with acetone or methanol and, for most samples, by u…
This study examines the use of radioactive inert gases as initiators of liquid phase chain oxidation reactions, focusing on the oxidation of isodecane at 120°C under the action of radon radiation. Radon mixed with oxygen was passed through isodecane for a short initiation period, and the resulting r…
This study examines the structure and reactivity of organic thiosulfonates, formerly described as disulfoxides, using radioactive sulfur tracer experiments. The authors test sulfur exchange between thiosulfonate esters and elemental sulfur or disulfides, showing that elemental sulfur does not exchan…
This paper reports measurements of the saturated vapor pressure of solid selenium below its melting point, in the temperature range 86 to 200 degrees Celsius. The authors used the Knudsen effusion method with a radioactive selenium isotope, collecting and assaying the condensed effusate to determine…
This study examines the resin acid composition of oleoresin from Siberian stone pine, with particular attention to whether isodextropimaric acid occurs in this native conifer. Resin acids were isolated from oleoresin collected in the Gorno-Altai region, purified through conversion to sodium salts, e…
This study examines whether spatial orientation can suppress homolytic sigma, pi conjugation in allylic C, H bonds, analogous to previously observed restrictions in carbonyl systems. Rigid terpene hydrocarbons, bornylene, camphene, and delta fenchene, were subjected to oxygen autoxidation at 40 to 8…
This study examines the catalytic aromatization of thermal-cracking kerosene mixed with light oils from petroleum pyrolysis as a route to increased production of low-molecular-weight aromatic hydrocarbons. Mixtures of kerosene with light gas-pyrolysis oil or with light oil from heavy distillate pyro…
This study examines how a p-n junction affects the electrochemical behavior of germanium during anodic dissolution in hydrochloric acid, with emphasis on the role of holes at the semiconductor surface. Experiments were performed on n-type germanium plates bearing an alloyed indium junction and an oh…
This study examines the yields of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde as stable intermediate products during the high-temperature oxidation of ethane, testing concepts of limiting yields in complex chain reactions. Ethane oxidation was studied manometrically in quartz vessels with different surface treatm…
The study examines telomerization of ethylene with tetrachloroethylene as a one step route to tetrachloroalkenes bearing a trichlorovinyl group and an even carbon chain. Reactions were carried out under elevated ethylene pressure with several radical initiators, with water improving conversion and p…
This study uses optical, chiefly Raman spectroscopic, measurements to examine the conformations of epimeric 2-methyl-1-ethynylcyclohexanols and 1,2-dimethylcyclohexanols prepared and separated by crystallization or distillation. Characteristic frequencies for ring pulsation, acetylenic C≡C and C-H b…
This study examines the condensation of the newly prepared diethyl acetal of beta-cyclocitral with 1-ethoxyisoprene as a route to isoprenoid aldehyde intermediates related to beta-ionylideneacetic aldehyde and vitamin A chemistry. In the presence of zinc chloride, the reaction gave separable ether a…
This study addresses the relationship between chemical structure and analgesic activity in diacyl derivatives of phenylhydrazine, motivated by the lower toxicity reported for dioxypyramidon relative to pyramidon. A series of compounds was synthesized, including simple methyl and phenyl substituted “…
This paper examines the catalytic activity of semiconductor germanium in the hydrogen, deuterium isotopic exchange reaction and compares it with the activity of several transition and noble metals. Using a static circulation method, the authors measured HD formation over crushed single-crystal germa…
This paper examines the structures of products formed when selected carbocyclic alpha-haloketones and bromopyruvic ester react with triethyl phosphite or sodium diethyl phosphite. Using transesterification behavior, reactions with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, independent synthesis, physical constants…
The study examines the kinetics of molecular chlorine electroreduction on a rotating platinum disk electrode, with attention to separating diffusion effects from the intrinsic electrode reaction. Polarization measurements at varied rotation rates, chlorine concentrations, and chloride ion concentrat…
This paper examines the limits of the Auwers-Skita rule, which relates the configuration of dialkylcyclane stereoisomers to boiling point, refractive index, density, and molecular refraction. Using literature data and the authors’ measurements for several series of 1,4-dialkylcyclohexanes, 1,2-dialk…
This study examines the reduction products of delta-3-carene oxide under catalytic hydrogenation with Raney nickel and by lithium aluminum hydride, with identification based on physical constants, derivative formation, mixed melting points, and oxidation or reduction comparisons. Detailed analysis s…
This paper reports a compositional study of crude oil from well No. 92 of the Makhachkala field in the Caspian lowland. The authors determine elemental, physicochemical, fractional, and viscosity characteristics, then analyze gasoline fractions by distillation, aniline-point methods, sulfuric acid a…
This paper examines the liquid-state behavior of aluminum, gallium, and indium antimonides through measurements of the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility by the Faraday method. The authors compare the resulting susceptibility curves with previously reported viscosity, density, electri…
This study examines the reaction of formamide with methylenedicyclohexanone and its isomer, tricyclohexanolone, under Leuckart reaction conditions. Both substrates gave the same products, sym-octahydroacridine and perhydroacridine, indicating that tricyclohexanolone isomerizes to methylenedicyclohex…
This study examines how the intensity of sulfur-35 beta radiation affects sulfur isotopic exchange between solid potassium sulfate and gaseous sulfur trioxide at 840 °C. Potassium sulfate samples of controlled particle size but differing specific radioactivity were exposed to measured amounts of sul…
This study examines the distribution of copper impurity within the cellular substructure of a zinc single crystal grown from the melt. A zinc single crystal containing copper was prepared by the Czochralski method, chemically polished to reveal its fibrous cellular structure, and analyzed in microvo…
