SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines the previously unreported isomerization of gamma-oxides, specifically tetrahydrofuran and alpha-substituted tetrahydrofurans, into aliphatic carbonyl compounds. The authors pass these compounds in the vapor phase over platinized charcoal at about 235 to 250 degrees and analyze li…
This study examines whether catalytic hydrogenolysis of the furan ring proceeds through hydrogenation to a dihydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran intermediate before cleavage of the carbon oxygen bond. The authors compare vapor phase hydrogenation of silvan and dihydrosilvan at 250 to 260°C over platinized…
This study examines the relationship between the structure of phenazine derivatives and their ability to form free nitrogen radicals. A series of monoacyldihydrophenazines was synthesized, characterized by melting points, elemental analysis, dipole moments, and ultraviolet spectra, and then oxidized…
This study examines how association of organic acids affects their adsorption from nonpolar solvents on siliceous adsorbents. Adsorption isotherms were measured for formic and acetic acids in cetane and alpha-methylnaphthalene on natural tripoli and KSK silica gel at 20 and 60 degrees, with molecula…
This paper examines whether glassy polymers can be treated as solid sorbents whose porosity is evaluated by vapor sorption of liquids inert toward the polymer. Sorption isotherms at 25 degrees C were measured for methyl alcohol on two polystyrene fractions and for n-hexane on cellulose, polyvinyl al…
This paper examines the mechanism of anodic dissolution of magnesium in aqueous solutions, focusing on the negative difference effect and the role of an unstable monovalent magnesium intermediate. The authors propose a branched reaction scheme in which adsorbed monovalent magnesium either undergoes …
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of a series of arylalkylsilanes, focusing on phenylalkylsilanes, 3,4-xylylalkylsilanes, and previously undescribed 4-isopropylphenylalkylsilanes. The compounds were prepared chiefly through reactions of magnesium or lithium organometallic reagent…
This paper examines the reactivity of diferrocenylmercury as a reagent for preparing substituted ferrocene derivatives. The authors report reactions with triphenylchloromethane, sulfonyl halides, acetyl chloride, rhodanogen, and selenium tetrabromide, isolating ferrocenyltriphenylmethane, phenylferr…
This study examines the dehydrogenation of n-pentane and isopentane over an alumina, chromia, potassium catalyst, focusing on the effects of temperature, space velocity, and cycle duration between regenerations. Experiments with activated and periodically regenerated catalyst measured olefin and iso…
This study examines how temperature and high pressure affect the self-adhesion of powdered thermoplastic polymers during pressing, with emphasis on polyvinyl chloride and comparison with polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate. Specimens were pressed in a heated cylindrical mold under varied pressur…
This paper develops calculation equations for electrochemical reactions in which a principal depolarizer is oxidized or reduced either directly at an electrode or through an intermediate reagent in solution. Combining electrode kinetics with chemical kinetic balances under steady-state conditions, t…
This study examines whether differences in the polarizing ability of alkali metal ions affect the structure and differential capacitance of the electrical double layer at a dropping mercury electrode. Differential capacitance was measured in methanolic solutions of KF, LiCl, NaCl, and KCl, motivated…
This study investigates chemical synthesis in oxygen-free water saturated with gases characteristic of a reducing atmosphere under high-intensity ultrasonic irradiation. Using purified gas mixtures and colorimetric or spectrophotometric assays, the authors examined the formation of ammonia, hydrocya…
This paper reports the liquid-phase oxidation of a p-diisopropylbenzene fraction obtained as a by-product in the boron fluoride catalyzed alkylation of benzene with propylene. The authors describe isolation of the diisopropylbenzene fraction by vacuum rectification, oxidation in a stirred glass reac…
This paper investigates the chemistry of triallylboron and its use in preparing new allyl derivatives of boron. Triallylboron was synthesized from allylmagnesium bromide and boron trifluoride etherate, then reacted with water, alcohols, and n-butylamine to give allylboronic acid anhydride, allylboro…
This paper examines the polarographic behavior of the tropylium ion in supporting electrolyte, focusing on the origin of the first two reduction waves apart from the proton discharge wave caused by hydrolysis. Using polarization and electrocapillary measurements, concentration and mercury column hei…
This study examines isotope exchange reactions between halogenated or aromatic hydrocarbons and deuterium-containing partners in the presence of aluminum chloride, with the aim of testing cationic exchange pathways. Using deuterium analysis and, for the toluene and benzene system, carbon-14 labeling…
This paper reports the synthesis of cancerolytic peptide derivatives containing sarcolysine and related beta chloroethylamino aromatic acyl groups. Using 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide condensations, the authors prepared N-formylsarcolysine dipeptide esters, phenacetylsarcolysine ester, N-acyl amino a…
This paper examines why organic compounds and polymers containing labile bonds often show much greater thermal stability in the solid state than in solution or melt. Using thermal decomposition of methylphenyltriazene in hydrocarbon, polymer, and hydrocarbon-polymer media, the authors relate decreas…
This study examines isotopic exchange in molecular nitrogen on iron catalysts for ammonia synthesis with different contents of potassium oxide and aluminum oxide promoters, addressing conflicting reports on their effect at low pressures. Catalyst samples were reduced, passivated, reactivated, and te…
This paper investigates whether hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing compounds formed from carbon monoxide and hydrogen on fused iron catalysts arise through related mechanisms rather than independent pathways. The authors added carbon-14 labeled butanol and methanol to synthesis gas under high-pressu…
This paper reports the synthesis of 2-methyl-4,5-thiopheno(2′,3′)thiazole as part of an investigation of isosterism between the groups CH=CH and S in fused thiazole systems. The authors prepared 2-thioacetylaminothiophene from 2-acetylaminothiophene using phosphorus pentasulfide and examined its oxi…
This paper describes a synthetic route to unbranched polyene aldehydes and ketones through zinc chloride catalyzed condensation of aldehyde acetals with vinyl ethyl ether or isopropenyl ethyl ether, followed by hydrolysis. Successive chain extension of crotonaldehyde and sorbic aldehyde acetals with…
This study examines the passivation and anodic protection of VT-1D titanium in sulfuric acid solutions, where corrosion resistance decreases at concentrations above about 10 percent. Using surface abrasion under solution, potential measurements, anodic polarization curves, and gravimetric corrosion …
This study examines the adsorption of benzene vapor on palladium films prepared by high vacuum sublimation, motivated by kinetic studies of cyclohexadiene disproportionation on palladium. Using a flow method, adsorption isotherms were measured at 20 and 79 degrees, with corrections for adsorption on…
This study examines whether the tendency of methyl-substituted nitrogen heterocycles and their quaternary salts to undergo condensation reactions is governed by the ease of proton removal from methyl groups. Hydrogen isotope exchange with methanol-d in the presence of triethylamine was measured for …
The study examines the kinetics of isoprene polymerization initiated by a complex catalyst formed from titanium tetrachloride and triisobutylaluminum, using calorimetric measurement of heat evolution to avoid complications from insoluble polymer deposits. Polymerization with a preformed catalyst beg…
This study examines the use of gamma irradiation to promote reactions between metallic tin and alkyl halides, a class of organometallic transformations that normally requires high temperatures and gives impure products. Using cobalt-60 irradiation at near room temperature, the authors show that alky…
This paper examines the acylation of aromatic nuclei by acid chlorides in the presence of powdered copper, molybdenum, and tungsten, as an alternative to conventional Friedel-Crafts conditions using aluminum chloride. Aromatic compounds were heated with acid chlorides at 90 to 150 °C, and the reacti…
This article examines the use of radical-induced polyrecombination as a method for preparing high-molecular-weight compounds from saturated starting materials. Using n-diisopropylbenzene and chiefly tert-butyl peroxide, the authors study how peroxide concentration affects conversion, molecular weigh…
This study examines the alkylation of naphthalene, beta-methylnaphthalene, and tetralin with acetylene using phosphoric acid, boron trifluoride catalyst in different solvents. Although naphthalene did not react in alcoholic solution, alkylation proceeded in chloroform or carbon tetrachloride at abou…
This study examines how structural features of organic luminescent molecules affect the probability of transition to a metastable state, estimated from the ratio of phosphorescence to fluorescence quantum yields as a function of the fluorescence maximum. Using comparative data for substituted phthal…
This paper investigates the preparation and properties of silicic acid solutions in acetone, motivated by the need for stable concentrated binders for refractory coatings in investment casting. Silicic acid was extracted from acid-neutralized liquid glass by mixing with acetone and salting out with …
This study examines whether gem-substituted butadienes can participate in diene condensations, a question previously uncertain because such compounds were often reported to polymerize or react only after rearrangement. The authors prepared several substituted butadienes and reacted them with maleic …
This study examines how intrinsic beta radioactivity affects the sorption properties of barium sulfate precipitates. Barium sulfate samples containing sulfur 35 at specific activities from 0.01 to 10 mCi/g were prepared with comparable surface areas, then equilibrated with aqueous solutions of methy…
The study examines degenerate chain branching during liquid-phase oxidation of n-decane and evaluates whether inhibitor measurements can determine the branching rate at different reaction stages. Alpha-naphthol was introduced into oxidizing n-decane, and hydroperoxide accumulation, inhibitor consump…
This paper examines the proposed semiconductor character of reduced iron, copper catalysts for CO and hydrogen synthesis and the role of potassium carbonate as an alkaline promoter. The authors measure electrical resistance as a function of temperature for reduced and unreduced catalyst samples cont…
This paper describes a catalytic method for synthesizing tris(trialkyl(aryl)silyl)borates by dehydrocondensation of trialkyl(aryl)silanes with boric acid. The reaction is carried out at 100 to 130°C in the presence of small amounts of anhydrous cobalt, nickel, palladium, or platinum halides, with hy…
This study examines the stereochemistry of isotopic exchange reactions of organomercury salts with mercury labeled with Hg-203, distinguishing exchange with metallic mercury as homolytic substitution and exchange with mercuric halide as electrophilic substitution at saturated carbon. Using diastereo…
This paper examines how thin liquid metallic coatings reduce the strength and induce brittleness in solid metals, including single crystals, and argues that the effect is not primarily due to dissolution or grain-boundary attack. Comparing experimental cases with binary melting diagrams, the authors…
This paper examines isotope effects on critical temperature by comparing eleven deuterated organic compounds with their hydrogen analogues, alongside previously reported data for inorganic substances. Critical temperatures were measured from meniscus disappearance and reappearance, with paired capil…
This study examines how methyl substituents affect the reactivity of the ferrocene nucleus in 1,1'-dimethylferrocene, focusing on metallation and Friedel-Crafts acylation. Metallation with n-butyllithium was unsuccessful, whereas n-amylsodium gave mainly dimethylferrocenedicarboxylic acid, indicatin…
This paper investigates the telomerization of methacrylic acid with trialkyl phosphites, extending earlier work on Arbuzov rearrangements induced by unsaturated acids. Experiments with triethyl and tribenzyl phosphites examined the effects of catalyst type, benzoyl peroxide concentration, and reagen…
This study examines the thermodynamic behavior of solid chromium, iron alloys in relation to phase separation, sigma phase formation, and embrittlement near 475°C. Chromium vapor pressures over alloys containing 21.3 to 75.5 atomic percent chromium were measured between 1100 and 1400°C by the Knudse…
This paper examines the influence of sulfate ions on the chloride-induced breakdown of passivity in stainless steels and related metals. Using anodic polarization curves and potential, time measurements at constant current density, the authors show that sulfate additions shift activation potentials …
The study examines the dehydrogenation of unsymmetrical methylisopropylethylene and its mixtures with tetramethylethylene over industrial butylene dehydrogenation catalysts K-12, K-16, and K-18. Products were analyzed by maleic anhydride addition, derivative identification, distillation, and gas-liq…
This study examines the thermodynamics of chlorination and oxidation equilibria for rare-earth and related metal oxides and chlorides in systems containing scandium, lanthanum, neodymium, and samarium. Equilibria of the reaction between solid metal chlorides and oxygen to form solid oxides and chlor…
This paper examines how the distribution of a radioactive microcomponent between a precipitate and solution can be used to determine the composition and stability constants of lead chloride complexes. The authors derive a relation between the distribution coefficient and chloride ion concentration f…
This paper examines the stereochemical requirements for sigma,pi conjugation in bridgehead bicyclic systems, using alpha-chloromercuricamphenilone as a test case. The authors synthesize this compound through peroxide decomposition in the presence of a mercury salt and compare its reactivity with tha…
