SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper examines how the degree of trimethylsilyl modification of aerosil surfaces affects adsorption of n-hexane and benzene vapors, focusing on differential heats, entropies, and isotherms. Aerosil samples were hydrothermally treated to smooth and hydroxylate the surface, then reacted with trim…
This study examines calcium germanates as analogues of calcium silicate clinker minerals, with particular attention to dicalcium germanate and the possible formation of tricalcium germanate. Mixtures of calcium carbonate and germanium dioxide were fired at high temperature, rapidly or slowly cooled,…
This study examines the low-temperature reduction of copper oxides by gaseous reducing agents, focusing on CuO and Cu2O exposed to carbon monoxide and gas mixtures at approximately 45 to 105 °C. Using weight-loss measurements, gas analysis for carbon dioxide, and X-ray structural analysis, the work …
This paper develops a theory of current, time curves for irreversible anion reduction at a dropping mercury electrode in the presence of an adsorbing catalytic species, with explicit allowance for concentration polarization. Starting from convective diffusion near an expanding spherical electrode an…
This study addresses the unresolved structure of the peptide portion of ergoalkaloids by developing synthetic routes to model tripeptides that reproduce the amino acid sequence of ergotamine and related analogues. Using N-benzoyl-alpha-benzyloxy-alpha-amino acids, the authors prepared racemic and op…
This paper examines whether the inhibition limit in thermal cracking of alkanes is independent of inhibitor identity, a question bearing on whether the residual reaction is molecular, heterogeneous, or radical-chain in character. Reviewing earlier interpretations and experimental findings, it tests …
This paper examines oxidation, reduction, and disproportionation reactions of polyfluorinated aliphatic nitroso compounds, with particular attention to trifluoronitrosomethane. The authors compare behavior in acidic oxidizing media, alkaline aqueous solution, and nonaqueous reactions with nucleophil…
This study examines whether the autooxidation rate of natural fat triglyceride mixtures is governed simply by unsaturation as measured by iodine number. Using pork fat samples prepared under nitrogen, the authors determined iodine and thiocyanogen numbers, calculated the average molecular weight per…
This paper argues that the known uranium oxides can be interpreted as members of a homologous series with the general composition U_nO_2n+2, analogous to homologous regularities previously identified in transition metal oxides. Reviewing reported chemical and crystallographic data, it assigns the fi…
This paper investigates the aqueous system of copper arsenate, sodium carbonate, and water at 50 degrees C, treated as a ternary approximation to a reciprocal quaternary salt system because of the low solubility of the copper salts. Using an isothermal solubility method, chemical analysis of liquid …
This paper investigates the thermal expansion of water confined in glass microcapillaries with radii comparable to the presumed thickness of boundary liquid layers. A method is described for measuring capillary radius and water-column elongation by optical observation of the meniscus, followed by te…
This study examines the polymerization and copolymerization of styrene, butadiene, and isoprene initiated by lithium ethyl in hydrocarbon and electron-donor media, including toluene, triethylamine, ether, dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran. Kinetic measurements, molecular-weight data, spectrophotometric d…
This study examines how spinel structure affects the catalytic behavior of normal CoMn2O4 and inverse MnCo2O4 in the deep oxidation of propylene. Reaction rates were measured under static conditions from 200 to 350 °C, with attention to the effects of carbon dioxide removal, reactant pressures, oxyg…
This paper extends the mathematical theory of steady combustion of condensed substances from the high pressure regime, where gas phase heat release dominates, to low pressure powder combustion. It formulates a three stage diffusion thermal model for condensed phase decomposition, incomplete gas phas…
This study examines how adsorption on a 1 percent platinum on carbon catalyst relates to the catalytic addition of selected alkyl and chloroalkyl silicon hydrides to unsaturated fluoroalkyl allyl ethers. Adsorption isotherms at 20 °C were measured in a flow apparatus, saturated vapor pressures were …
This study examines the mechanism of hydrogen redistribution during the transformations of cyclohexene and 1,3-cyclohexadiene on platinum films at 20°C. Using measurements of hydrogen evolution or absorption together with changes in the electrical conductivity of the films, the authors compare condi…
This study examines how the structure of diacyl peroxides of paraffinic and phenylcarboxylic acids affects their thermal stability and initiating activity in polymerization. A series of synthesized peroxides was tested by measuring decomposition rates in ethylbenzene, polymerization rates of styrene…
This paper examines the mechanism of so-called detergent additives in lubricating oils, arguing that their action is better understood as dispersion or peptization of insoluble suspension particles. Using carbon black in toluene as a model system, the authors measured adsorption isotherms for nickel…
This paper examines whether the unusual stability of methyllithium in diethyl ether is connected with formation of complexes involving lithium halides and ether. Ethereal methyllithium solutions prepared from methyl bromide or iodide yielded crystalline ternary complexes, chiefly CH3Li with LiBr or …
Stationary potentials of zinc and amalgamated zinc were measured at 25 degrees in sulfate electrolytes with constant total sulfate concentration and varying sulfuric acid and zinc sulfate contents, under hydrogen and with attention to stirring effects. The study examines the transition between pract…
This study examines how halide ions, especially chloride, affect the electrochemical dissolution and corrosion of zirconium in acidic and salt solutions. Using potentiostatic and galvanostatic measurements in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, bromide, and iodide solutions, the authors compare passiv…
Proton magnetic resonance spectra were measured for several bicyclic terpenes and derivatives, including alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, delta-3-carene, their oxides, trans-pinocarveol, and semicyclic carenol, using benzene as an internal standard. The study assigns characteristic chemical shifts to olef…
A preparative method is described for synthesizing macrocyclic alicyclic ketones with musk odor through intramolecular acylation of acid chlorides of omega-thienylalkanoic acids followed by reductive desulfurization. The authors show that the phase composition of the aluminum chloride condensing sys…
This study examines the isotope effect in hydrogen formation during the radiolysis of polyethylene, focusing on the relative contributions of molecular and radical pathways. Mixtures of polyethylene and deuteropolyethylene were irradiated with 1.6 MeV electrons, and the evolved hydrogen isotopologue…
This study compares the dehydrogenating ability of several diarylpicrylhydrazyl radicals with different aryl substituents, motivated by the unusually high reactivity of N-carbazylpicrylazot, which can dehydrogenate hydroquinone, aromatic amines, and even benzene. New methoxy-substituted radicals and…
This study examines the often neglected interaction of titanium salts with acetate ions in buffered solutions used for colorimetric titanium determinations and complex formation studies. Titanium precipitation was measured at controlled ionic strength and varying acetate concentrations, and the onse…
This study examines how adsorbed hydrogen and oxygen affect potential shifts produced by specific ion adsorption at a platinized platinum electrode in sulfuric acid solutions. By replacing surface-inactive electrolyte with solutions containing adsorbing ions such as iodide, bromide, thallium, and ca…
This study examines whether ionic crystalline matrices can stabilize organic free radicals at higher temperatures than conventional frozen organic matrices. Crystallosolvates of magnesium and calcium chlorides with methyl, ethyl, and n-propyl alcohols were irradiated at low temperature with fast ele…
This study examines how external irradiation alters the dye sorption properties of barium sulfate, motivated by earlier observations that radioactive decay within barium sulfate reduces its absorptive capacity. Chemically prepared BaSO4 samples were irradiated with 800 keV electrons or 1.5 MeV proto…
This study examines the transformation of the oxidizing component of water radiolysis in strongly alkaline sodium nitrate solutions, with emphasis on the possible role of hydroxyl radicals in nitrate reduction. The authors irradiated nitrate solutions with cobalt-60 gamma radiation and measured nitr…
This paper examines the structure of complex compounds formed between stannic chloride and esters, focusing on whether coordination occurs through the carbonyl oxygen or the alkoxyl oxygen. The authors compare Raman spectra of eleven esters and their mixtures with stannic chloride over varying conce…
This study examines how paramagnetic impurities affect individual fine-structure lines in proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of organic liquids. Proton resonance measurements at 30 MHz were performed for ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, ethylene chlorohydrin, and glacial acetic acid containing…
This paper reports measurements of chemical shifts in fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance lines for ionic fluoride crystals containing metals from the first and second groups of the periodic table. Using a radio-frequency spectrometer with derivative recording and potassium fluoride solution as a…
This study examines how the sugar residue and a para chlorine substituent in the aglycone affect the acid hydrolysis of phenyl and p-chlorophenyl beta-D-glycosides of glucose, galactose, and xylose. The glycosides were synthesized by variants of the Helferich method, and their hydrolysis in 1 N hydr…
This paper investigates the synthesis and reactivity of tetra-n-propyldiborane and tetra-n-butyldiborane, compounds previously characterized mainly by vapor pressure data. The authors show that these tetraalkyldiboranes can be prepared in good yield by passing diborane into ethereal solutions of the…
This paper examines critical phenomena in the liquid-phase oxidation of hydrocarbons in the presence of inhibitors under open-system conditions, using n-decane oxidation inhibited by alpha-naphthol as the experimental case. Continuous-flow experiments at 135 degrees showed a sharp transition in stat…
The study examines phase relations in the potassium fluoride, zirconium fluoride system, for which earlier fusibility data did not characterize solid state transformations. Using differential thermal analysis and X-ray phase analysis, the authors constructed a phase diagram up to 75 percent zirconiu…
This study examines the gas phase reaction of silicon hydrides with organic halides at high temperature, focusing on the material balance and mechanism of formation of organohalosilanes and reduction products. Experiments with chlorobenzene, chlorotoluenes, and other organohalides show that the proc…
This study examines how dissolved azo dye templates influence the development of selective adsorption properties in silica gels, with particular attention to whether nonextractable template dye is responsible for specificity. Silica gels were prepared with methyl orange, ethyl orange, propyl orange,…
This study examines the kinetics of inner-sphere substitution reactions of potassium triacidomonoammineplatinates of divalent platinum with pyridine in aqueous solution. Rate constants were determined at several reactant concentrations and for freshly prepared and aged solutions, with accompanying p…
This paper investigates the reaction of oxytrisindandione and related spiro-dihydropyridine derivatives as routes to o-(2,3(CO),6,5(CO)-dibenzoylenisonicotinoyl)benzoic acid and its derivatives. The authors show that treatment of oxytrisindandione with ammonium acetate in glacial acetic acid, or oxi…
This paper reports the synthesis of nitrate esters of several C-substituted carbohydrates, motivated by the pharmacological interest of nitrate esters of polyhydroxy compounds as vasodilators. The authors applied nitration with fuming nitric acid in acetic anhydride to glucopyranosyl-, galactopyrano…
This paper develops a thermodynamic model for formation of a double electric layer at the contact boundary of amorphous bodies or polymers whose surfaces contain donor and acceptor groups. It treats electron transfer between donor and acceptor centers as a surface reaction whose free energy depends …
This paper develops a mechanism for the inhibition of radiolysis in organic systems by small concentrations of impurities, treating inhibition as direct transfer of electronic excitation from an irradiated molecule, ion, or radical to an inhibitor molecule. Using a dipole approximation and a quantum…
This study examines the surface state of iron electrodes by calculating capacitance from potential decay after interruption of cathodic polarization current. Using loop and electronic oscillographs, the authors measured decay curves for iron in alkaline and acidic solutions, including electrodes poi…
The study examines the thermal condensation of dichlorosilane with chlorobenzene and shows that the reaction is more complex than the simple formation of phenyldichlorosilane. Experiments in a heated quartz tube, followed by fractional distillation and product analysis, were used to determine how te…
This study examines how water and methanol mixtures affect the acid properties of a carboxylic cation exchanger obtained by saponification of a methyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene copolymer. Potentiometric titration was used, including a rapid method based on partially neutralized resin samples t…
This paper investigates the metastable solubility and diffusion characteristics of tricalcium silicate and beta-dicalcium silicate in water, parameters considered important for understanding cement stone hardening. The authors determine solubility by several independent approaches, including rotatin…
Raman scattering and infrared absorption spectra were used to investigate intermolecular interaction in the tetrahydrofuran and hydrogen chloride system over varying temperatures and concentrations. Spectral changes in the C-O-C stretching region, including new low-frequency components and a broad H…
