SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper reports the synthesis of complex fluorides of molybdenum, tungsten, and uranium hexafluorides with cesium and ammonium fluorides, formulated as MMeF7. The authors used reactions in chlorine trifluoride solution for cesium salts and a modified low-temperature addition procedure for ammoniu…
The study examines the kinetics of caprolactam hydrolysis in aqueous potassium hydroxide solutions, with emphasis on how catalytic activity changes in concentrated alkali media. Using ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the authors measured monomolecular rate constants over a range of KOH concentrations …
This study applies an interferometric thinning method, previously used for free liquid films, to wetting films formed on a mercury substrate, with the aim of determining disjoining pressure in thin liquid layers. After testing several liquids, benzene was selected because the mercury surface retaine…
The paper investigates the thermochemistry of the reaction between hexaethyldistannane and benzoyl peroxide, which forms triethyltin benzoate, with the aim of testing whether the process follows the proposed stoichiometric equation without side reactions. The authors determined the heat effect direc…
This study examines electrochemical separation of hydrogen isotopes, specifically tritium and protium, on palladium cathodes, with emphasis on how the state of surface hydrogen affects the separation coefficient. The authors combine simultaneous measurements of isotope separation with oscillographic…
This paper investigates the catalytic vapor phase transformation of tertiary N,N-dialkylcyclohexylamines, focusing on N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and N,N-diethylcyclohexylamine, for which ordinary ketimine formation is not expected. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure over a Cu-Al2O3 …
This paper investigates 2-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindan-1,3-dione as an analogue of indan-1,3-dione in the context of structure, reactivity, and tautomerism in cyclic beta-diketone systems. The compound was synthesized by condensation of tetrahydrophthalic anhydride with phenylacetic acid to form t…
This paper reports a method for synthesizing branched diacetylenic organosilicon hydrocarbons as a continuation of studies on unsaturated organosilicon compounds. Halogen derivatives of organosilicon acetylenic alcohols were prepared by treatment with hydrogen chloride and then reacted with magnesiu…
The study examines reactions of rhenium hexafluoride with alkali metal fluorides in molten rhenium hexafluoride and in chlorine trifluoride solution, using autoclave synthesis and subsequent chemical, thermal, X-ray, solubility, and magnetic characterization. Except for lithium fluoride, the alkali …
The paper develops a theoretical treatment of how complex formation affects the separation of chemically analogous elements by cocrystallization when both the microelement and macroelement form complexes. Starting from Khlopin’s distribution law and the Doerner-Hoskins equation, the authors derive e…
This study examines the relationship between molecular structure and radical formation in acetylene and several acetylene derivatives subjected to gamma irradiation at 77 K, using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Spectra were recorded for methylacetylene, deuterated methylacetylene, eth…
This study examines the electroreduction of peroxydisulfate anions at a dropping mercury electrode under conditions producing polarographic maxima of the second kind, where tangential surface motion intensifies solution stirring. Polarization curves in potassium chloride backgrounds of varying conce…
The study examines isotope exchange between substituted benzylmercury bromides and mercuric bromide labeled with mercury 203 as a model for electrophilic substitution at saturated carbon. Kinetic measurements were carried out primarily in quinoline, the only tested solvent in which exchange proceede…
This study examines cis to trans isomerization of cis 1,4 polybutadiene units and cis butene 2 under the influence of nitrogen dioxide in benzene solution. Using sealed ampoule reactions under dry argon, infrared spectroscopy for polymer microstructure, chromatographic analysis for butenes, and nitr…
This paper reports the isolation and characterization of daucene, a new bicyclic sesquiterpene hydrocarbon of composition C15H24, from the sesquiterpene fraction of essential oil obtained from wild carrot fruits growing in Armenia. The compound was separated by repeated chromatography on alumina and…
This study examines vapor-phase ketonization of acetic acid over cadmium oxide and magnesium oxide in relation to the thermal decomposition of the corresponding acetates. Ketonization rates, thermogravimetric kinetics, Erofeev equation analysis, and X-ray phase data are compared to determine whether…
Infrared absorption spectroscopy was used to examine the interaction of hydrogen chloride with ketones lacking enol forms, chiefly diphenylcyclopropenone and tropone, with benzophenone as a comparison. The spectra show disappearance or strong lowering of carbonyl bands, new bands attributed to pertu…
This paper reports preliminary work on the partial synthesis of the cardiac glycoside K-strophanthin-beta from the more accessible natural monoside cymarin. The authors adapt the Koenigs-Knorr glycosylation of cymarin with acetobromoglucose, addressing the lability of the glycosidic bond and poor re…
This paper examines the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of frozen benzene irradiated at low temperature, focusing on the assignment of its hyperfine structure to specific radiolysis radicals. The authors improve spectral resolution by slowly warming irradiated samples to 220 K, which reduce…
This study examines the infrared absorption spectra of several lithium alcoholates with branched aliphatic radicals, together with isotopically substituted lithium methoxide derivatives, in order to clarify the spectral signatures of associated O-Li groups. Spectra were recorded for sublimed crystal…
A radiochromatographic method is described for separating organomercury compounds from inorganic mercury salts and from related organomercury salts, developed to support kinetic studies of isotope exchange reactions. Paper chromatography on ethylene glycol impregnated paper with an octane, benzene m…
A gas chromatographic method is proposed for microdetermination of carbon and hydrogen in organic compounds, intended to simplify and accelerate conventional combustion analysis. Samples of 2 to 5 mg are oxidized with copper oxide in a closed evacuated quartz tube, after which the combustion product…
This study examines how caustic soda treatment affects surface hydroxyl absorption bands in fine particles of zircon and beryl, with attention to implications for flotation activation of silicate minerals. Natural mineral powders smaller than 5 microns were treated with sodium hydroxide, washed, dri…
This paper develops an improved use of the explosion method for thermochemical measurements by proposing a way to calculate explosion temperatures while accounting for energy losses in a spherical bomb. The author argues that losses arise both from heat transfer to the vessel walls and from incomple…
This study examines oxygen isotopic exchange between oxygen gas enriched in O-18 and molten sodium tungstate of normal isotopic composition at 720, 745, and 764°C. Experiments used different melt layer thicknesses, with gas-phase isotopic composition measured over time by mass spectrometry to calcul…
This study examines the hydrosilylation of allylamine, an unsaturated amine containing a free amino group, with a series of alkyl, aryl, and alkoxy hydridosilanes. Reactions were carried out in the presence of chloroplatinic acid, and the resulting gamma-propylaminosilanes were characterized by boil…
This paper examines how acidity affects yields in radiation chemical and related photochemical reactions, addressing inconsistencies in explanations based solely on rapid equilibrium between hydrogen atoms, protons, and molecular hydrogen ions. The authors propose that acceptor species compete with …
This paper investigates the microscopic crystalline structures formed in bulk isotactic polypropylene during cooling from the melt, a setting considered more relevant to polymer processing than dilute solutions or thin films. Polypropylene samples were cooled under controlled conditions, fractured a…
This study examines the interaction of sulfur with natural rubber under gamma irradiation using electron paramagnetic resonance over a range of low temperatures. Irradiation at room temperature produced similar long-lived radical spectra in pure rubber and rubber containing 2 percent sulfur, while i…
This study examines the acid-catalyzed condensation of formaldehyde with fluorinated olefins, a Prins-type reaction that is generally hindered by the electrophilic character of fluoroolefin double bonds. Using chlorosulfonic acid as catalyst, paraformaldehyde was reacted with tetrafluoroethylene, he…
This study examines thallium chromates and polychromates through heterogeneous equilibria in the systems thallium chromate, chromic anhydride, and water, and in related systems containing sodium, potassium, and ammonium dichromates at 25°C. Phase diagrams and solubility isotherms show that monovalen…
This study examines isotopic hydrogen exchange in primary and secondary alkyl chlorides, extending earlier work on tertiary alkyl halides and testing whether exchange can be induced through ionization of the carbon chlorine bond. Alkyl chlorides were reacted with deuterium chloride in nitrobenzene i…
This study examines radiation-induced isotopic exchange between gaseous deuterium and hydrocarbon polymers or liquid hydrocarbons under cobalt-60 gamma irradiation, a process not observed under ordinary nonirradiated conditions. Samples were sealed with deuterium at pressures up to about 150 atm, ir…
This paper addresses the difficulty of determining the molecular weight of chelate polymers, which are typically insoluble, infusible solids, by exploiting labeled terminal bromide groups introduced during synthesis with copper bromide containing bromine-82. The authors calculate number-average mole…
This study examines how to compare nickel catalysts by the catalytic activity of a unit surface area of nickel rather than by total catalyst surface. The authors apply low-pressure oxygen chemisorption at room temperature to determine nickel surface area in unsupported and supported catalysts, and r…
This paper describes a synthetic route to diethyl esters of dodecapentaene and hexadecaheptaene dicarboxylic acids, compounds related to naturally occurring polyene pigments and potential biologically active metabolites. Starting from tetraethyl acetal of maleic dialdehyde, the authors combine chain…
This study examines the composition and structure of passive oxide films formed on titanium during self-passivation in several room-temperature solutions and during anodic oxidation in sulfuric acid, conditions for which prior structural data were lacking. Oxide films were separated chemically and a…
This study reexamines the reaction of trans-dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)platinum(IV) chloride with alkali, prompted by earlier kinetic interpretations that treated the process as hydrolysis. Using titrimetric measurements of alkali consumption, chloride ion formation, and reduced platinum at 25 degr…
This study investigates the high-temperature vapor composition and volatility of rare-earth oxides, excluding thulium, using mass spectrometry with an iridium ribbon evaporator and calibrated thermocouple. The authors estimate ion appearance potentials and correct ion-current ratios to better distin…
This study examines how the electrical conductivity and activation energy of chelate polymers depend on atomic structure, metal ion, ligand type, and polymer-chain geometry. Forty-eight polychelates of seven structural types were synthesized mainly from metal acetates and tetrafunctional organic com…
This paper examines differential capacitance curves at a dropping mercury electrode in potassium ferrocyanide solutions of varying concentration, with attention to the effect of the multicharged ferrocyanide anion on the electrical double layer. Measurements at 25 degrees C are compared with curves …
This study examines whether the protective effect of phenyl groups in the radiolysis of alkylbenzenes arises from intramolecular energy migration or from intermolecular energy transfer. Radical yields were measured in gamma radiolysis of several alkylbenzenes, benzene, alkanes, and an equimolar benz…
This paper investigates high-temperature reactions of triarylsilanes with allyl chloride, chlorobenzene, and dichlorobenzene as a possible route to forming silicon carbon bonds and synthesizing tetraarylsilanes. Using reactions in a nitrogen-filled quartz tube at about 580 to 630 degrees Celsius, th…
This study examines the comparative acidity and relative dissociation of hydroxyl groups in D-glucose, alpha- and beta-methyl glucosides, maltose, and cellobiose, addressing a lack of data on individual carbohydrate hydroxyl reactivity. The authors use electrometric nonaqueous titration in ethylened…
This paper describes a synthetic method for trichloromethyl organomercury compounds based on insertion of dichlorocarbene, generated from chloroform and potassium tert-butoxide, into mercury-chlorine bonds. The reaction was applied to mercuric chloride and several aryl, naphthyl, and chlorovinyl mer…
This paper examines the initial nucleation of gray tin centers in white tin when particles of CdTe, InSb, Si, and Ge are introduced into the surface layer. The study uses the surface diffusion of mercury, measured through the rise of an amalgam film at low temperatures, as an indicator of the early …
This study investigates the origin of the green band emission observed in boron-containing flames and the composition of boron combustion products near 3100 K. The authors measured absorption in the 5470 Å band during explosions of CO, oxygen, hydrogen, and argon mixtures with small diborane additio…
The study examines the vapor phase interaction of cyclohexene with highly concentrated nitric acid at atmospheric pressure, using conditions calculated for complete oxidation and short contact times. Reaction products were condensed, separated into oil and aqueous fractions, and identified by fracti…
This note reports electron paramagnetic resonance measurements on aqueous Ti3+ complexes formed from TiF3, TiI3, and TiBr3, addressing why resonance is observed in some hydrated complexes but not in others. Solutions at two concentrations were examined at 9430 MHz and 295 K, with line widths and g f…
