SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper reports the preparation of several new C-glycosides, compounds in which the anomeric carbon of a carbohydrate is joined directly to an aglycone by a carbon to carbon bond. The authors use Grignard reactions of acetohalogeno sugars followed by acetylation or acid-catalyzed deacetylation to…
This paper examines how paramagnetic centers formed during activation of anthracene and related conjugated compounds affect their ability to inhibit thermal oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons. Activated anthracene was fractionated and characterized by solubility, molecular weight, elemental compos…
This paper describes the preparation and reactions of azido derivatives of ferrocene, focusing on ferrocenyl azide and 1,1′-ferrocenylenediazide. The authors show that bromoferrocene and, under more forcing conditions, 1,1′-dibromoferrocene undergo copper-assisted substitution by azide, and they als…
This study examines how the nature of molten salt electrolytes affects the electrocapillary behavior of liquid lead electrodes at 800 to 820 degrees Celsius. Using a quartz capillary electrometer, the authors measured relative changes in surface tension for lead in sodium and potassium chloride and …
The paper investigates the dissociative ionization of hexafluoropropylene under electron impact and compares the observed fragmentation behavior with expectations based on ordinary bond strengths in the stable molecule. Using mass spectrometric measurements over 10 to 70 eV, the authors determine ap…
This study examines the reactions of 1,1,5,5-tetraethylmercapto-1,5-diborapentane with ammonia and representative primary and secondary amines. Contrary to expectations based on alkylthioboronic acid esters, ammonia, methylamine, and ethylamine give cyclic 1-aza-2,5-diboracyclohexane derivatives, wh…
A differential amperometric titration method is described for the successive determination of iridium, palladium, iron, and copper using 8-mercaptoquinoline as a single reagent. The approach combines oxidation reduction reactions with precipitation of metal thiooxinates, and the authors examine the …
This study examines the relationship between mutarotation, optical activity, and structure formation in gelatin solutions. Using purified isoelectric gelatin, the authors measured specific optical rotation during cooling and aging, and compared it with gel-melting temperatures used as an indicator o…
This paper examines whether adsorption on dehydrated silica gels can promote condensation reactions of amino compounds that do not readily occur in the liquid state. Monoethanolamine was adsorbed on silica gels of differing pore structures and dehydrated by heating or storage over a desiccant, after…
This paper reports the synthesis and reactions of bis(triethylgermyl)mercury, presented as the first organogermanium compound of mercury. The compound is obtained by heating triethylgermane with diethylmercury under oxygen-free conditions, giving ethane and a lemon-yellow liquid characterized by mer…
This study examines the reaction of dialkylphosphorous acids with acetophenone and several alkyl-substituted phenyl alkyl ketones, focusing on the formation and thermal behavior of the resulting organophosphorus esters. Under mild sodium alcoholate conditions, crystalline α-hydroxy-α-phenylalkylphos…
This study examines adsorption of high-molecular-weight polydimethylsiloxane from n-hexane solutions on highly dispersed nonporous silica Aerosil samples with different surface treatments, using interferometric concentration measurements to construct adsorption isotherms. Dehydration of the silica s…
This study examines the adsorption of benzene vapor on a chromium, aluminum, potassium catalyst used for paraffin dehydrogenation and dehydrocyclization, in order to compare benzene behavior with earlier observations for cyclohexane and hydrogen. Adsorption isotherms were measured under vacuum from …
This paper develops a theoretical method of Faradaic heterodyning for studying the kinetics of fast electrochemical reactions using the nonlinear properties of an electrochemical cell. Starting from a general second-order expansion of the electrode potential response to alternating Faradaic current,…
This study examines cocrystallization of ionic compounds from organic solvents, where incomplete dissociation can affect practical cocrystallization coefficients and therefore element separation efficiency. The authors extend existing thermodynamic relations to include degrees of dissociation, then …
This study examines the formation of mixed tin chalcogenochlorides by direct reaction of tin dichloride with sulfur, selenium, and tellurium, motivated by earlier criteria for oxidation without anion displacement in tin salts. Fusion reactions in sealed ampoules yielded compounds assigned the compos…
This study examines iodine addition products of cobalt(III) dimethylglyoxime complexes in order to clarify whether added iodine is present as lattice iodine or as polyiodide coordinated through an iodide ligand. By reacting iodoaquo, diiodo, iodonitro, and dinitro cobalt dioxime compounds with iodid…
This study examines the previously little-studied interaction of hafnium dioxide with trivalent rare-earth oxides, focusing on the synthesis and properties of lanthanum and neodymium hafnates. Mixtures prepared by mechanical grinding of oxides or by coprecipitation of hydroxides were investigated us…
The paper examines homolytic reactions of tetraethylgermane as both a hydrogen donor and a substrate for radical attack, focusing on reactions with benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, and sulfuryl chloride in the presence of benzoyl peroxide. Product isolation and analysis support a free-radical …
The study examines the mechanism and kinetics of the reaction between 2,6-dimethylol-4-tert-butylphenol and unsaturated elastomers, using carbon-14 labeled phenolic alcohol to measure addition to rubber during heating. Experiments with cis-1,4-polybutadiene and butyl rubber, with and without stannou…
This paper reports the preparation of fluorine-containing silylferrocenes, a class absent from earlier series of trialkyl and aryl silylferrocene derivatives. Ferrocene was metalated with butyllithium and reacted with tris-trifluoropropylchlorosilane or dimethyl m-trifluoromethylphenylchlorosilane, …
This study examines how substituents attached to tin and to the unsaturated group influence the radical polymerization of tin-containing vinyl monomers. The authors synthesized p-vinylphenyltricyclohexyltin and p-vinylbiphenyltriphenyltin and compared their polymerization kinetics with p-vinylphenyl…
This paper investigates how chromium and small nickel additions affect the passivation characteristics of iron-based alloys, focusing on critical passivation potentials and currents in sulfuric acid solutions. Using galvanostatic and potentiostatic polarization measurements on binary Fe-Cr alloys an…
This paper reports the preparation of tris-(triphenylsiloxy)-aluminum and an accompanying tetra-(triphenylsiloxy)-sodium polyalumoxane from triphenylethoxysilane and an aqueous alkaline sodium aluminate solution. The authors describe the reaction procedure, separation of the benzene or ether soluble…
This paper examines the temperature dependence of mercury diffusion in zinc, motivated by the role of adsorption-active liquid metals in reducing metal strength and plasticity through penetration along structural defects. Using radioactive Hg-203 tracer measurements, the authors directly determined …
This paper examines the thermal stability of synthetic C32 hydrocarbons of hybrid structure, prepared as model compounds for high molecular weight petroleum hydrocarbons containing paraffinic chains and aromatic or cycloaliphatic rings. Using differential thermographic measurements with a Kurnakov p…
Ignition delays of methane mixtures with oxygen and inert diluents were investigated in reflected shock waves to determine their dependence on pressure, temperature, and mixture composition. Delays were measured chiefly with an ionization probe, with supporting optical and pressure diagnostics, and …
This study examines interactions of tributyl phosphate and its uranyl nitrate solvate with several diluents through activity coefficients in binary solutions. Vapor pressures of volatile diluents were measured by the isoteniscope method at 25, 37.5, and 50 degrees C, and activity coefficients of the…
This study examines whether the characteristic electronic absorption near 400 mµ in alkyl and aryl imines of aromatic ortho-hydroxycarbonyl compounds can be attributed to a benzenoid, quinoid equilibrium. The authors recorded infrared spectra for derivatives of salicylaldehyde, ortho-hydroxyacetophe…
A single crystal neutron diffraction study was carried out to determine the positions of hydrogen atoms in lithium sulfate monohydrate, whose heavy atom structure had previously been studied by x-ray diffraction. Measurements of h0l and 0kl reflections were used to calculate nuclear density projecti…
This study examines the formation and phase relations of double oxides produced by reactions of beta niobium pentoxide with tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium oxides, and alpha tantalum pentoxide with vanadium oxide. Using X-ray phase analysis of annealed stoichiometric mixtures, the authors identif…
This paper examines the low-temperature polymerization of vinyl chloride initiated by triethylaluminum in the presence of oxygen, a system previously reported to be ineffective under sealed-ampoule conditions. Using continuous oxidation at minus 30 degrees, the authors compare model systems correspo…
This study examines the formation and nature of catalytically active particles in the TiCl4, Et2AlCl system during ethylene polymerization, focusing on changes during catalyst aging. Using precipitation, chemical analysis, EPR observations, solubility tests, and polymerization kinetics, the authors …
This paper examines how equilibrium constants and separation factors in isotopic exchange depend on molecular bond energy and atomic masses through the beta factor. Using known relations between vibrational frequencies, force constants, dissociation energies, and internuclear distances, the authors …
This study examines how replacing surface hydroxyl groups of silica gel with methoxyl groups affects ammonia adsorption, treating ammonia as an indicator of changes in specific adsorption centers. Silica gel samples were methoxylated to several degrees by repeated exposure to methanol vapor under co…
This study examines the kinetics of coagulation structure formation in aqueous dispersions of Cherkassy palygorskite and Gorb montmorillonite clays, a problem relevant to controlling the physicomechanical properties of drilling fluids. Using a Weiler-Rebinder instrument, the authors measured limitin…
This study reports apparent dissociation constants for a series of substituted cyclopropane and cyclopropenecarboxylic acids and examines how three-membered ring structure, substituent polarity, and stereochemistry affect ionization. The constants were determined by potentiometric titration at the h…
This study examines radiolytic transformations in air-saturated ferrous sulfate solutions at varying acidity in order to compare the reactivity of hydrated electrons and hydrogen atoms. Using pulsed 1 MeV electron irradiation, the authors measured ferric ion yields as functions of dose rate, pH, and…
This study investigates the activation of weak chemiluminescence during hydrocarbon oxidation by anthracene and 9,10-substituted anthracene derivatives. Oxidation of cyclohexane and ethylbenzene in benzene, initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile decomposition, was examined spectrally and kinetically wi…
This study examines whether hydrogen nuclei leave the first hydration sphere of aqueous manganese(II) ions through proton chemical exchange or through exchange of whole water molecules. Longitudinal and transverse NMR relaxation times of protons and deuterons were measured by spin echo methods in a …
This paper analyzes kinetic limitations on the adsorptional lowering of metal strength in the presence of adsorption active liquid metals. The authors argue that embrittlement requires not only a thermodynamic reduction of surface energy, but also sufficiently rapid delivery of liquid metal atoms to…
This study examines photosensitized photoreduction of thiazine dyes, chiefly methylene blue and thionine, in oxygen-free sols and solutions where the medium or an added reagent acts as the reducing agent. Using spectrophotometric measurements after filtered irradiation, the authors compare dye bleac…
This study examines changes in the infrared spectra of sodium and ammonium forms of zeolite X during thermal treatment in vacuum, with additional observations on deuterated samples. Pressed zeolite tablets were evacuated at increasing temperatures and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to distinguish…
This paper examines the hydrosilylation of propargyl chloride by trichlorosilane, methyldichlorosilane, and ethyldichlorosilane in the presence of chloroplatinic acid, with attention to the regiochemical order of addition. The experiments show that, unlike most monosubstituted acetylenes, propargyl …
This study examines the vibrational spectra of cyclopentadiene and isomeric monodeuterocyclopentadienes in order to clarify structural features connected with double-bond migration and electronic conjugation in the ring. Infrared spectra in liquid and gas phases and Raman spectra, including polariza…
The paper examines stereospecific polymerization of trans-1-phenylbutadiene-1,3, a substituted diene whose bulky phenyl group is expected to influence the resulting polymer microstructure. Polymerization was carried out at 25 degrees with a TiCl4 and triisobutylaluminum catalyst in hydrocarbon solve…
This paper examines the directed modification of high molecular compounds by introducing microquantities of elements or functional groups into inorganic polymer chains, particularly siloxane-based linear and branched polymers. Experiments tested additions of titanium, phosphorus, aluminum, boron, an…
This study examines how substituents in substituted aryldiazonium chlorides affect the infrared stretching frequency and absorption intensity of the diazonium group. Frequencies of the N≡N absorption band were measured in several solvents and correlated with Hammett substituent constants, giving cle…
