SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
A vacuum spark mass spectrometric method is examined for determining oxygen in titanium, where conventional vacuum fusion is limited by sorption and incomplete extraction. The authors propose using titanium oxide cluster lines, especially the TiO line at mass 64, rather than the atomic oxygen line, …
This study examines the reactivity of the Si-C bond in the silicacyclobutane ring and explores substitution reactions of 1-chloro-1-methylsilicacyclobutane as routes to new derivatives. Using 1,1-dimethylsilicacyclobutane, the authors test reactions with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride, water, …
This study examines the stepwise catalytic reduction of beta-nitrostyrene on palladium black in a strongly acidic acetic acid and sulfuric acid medium, a reaction relevant to the synthesis of phenethylamines and related nitrogen compounds. Using polarographic analysis for nitrostyrene, oxime, and ni…
This paper examines the phenyliodonation of carbethoxy- and benzoylmethylenetriphenylphosphoranes as a route to substituted triphenylphosphoranes and as evidence for the nucleophilic character of the ylidic carbon atom. Phenyliodosoacetate was reacted with these phosphoranes in methanol, giving phen…
The study determines the crystal structure of a synthetic sodium titanosilicate phase formed during hydrothermal crystallization in strongly alkaline NaOH solutions, with composition Na2TiSiO5, represented as Na2(TiO)[SiO4]. Single crystal X-ray analysis established a tetragonal unit cell with a = 6…
This study examines whether electron donor compounds other than alcohols can enhance the quenching of chlorophyll a and pheophytin a fluorescence by aromatic nitro compounds in organic solvents. Fluorescence intensities were measured for pigment solutions in hexane, toluene, acetone, and pyridine wi…
This paper examines compounds and precipitates containing the complex anion [Hg(SCN)4]2-, emphasizing the possible bridging role of thiocyanate through sulfur and nitrogen coordination. The authors relate the solubility and uptake behavior of zinc, cobalt, and cadmium tetrathiocyanatomercurate preci…
This study examines the radical polymerization of o-hydroxyphenyl vinyl ketone as a route to polymers containing chelating hydroxyketone groups without subsequent polymer-analogous modification. The monomer was synthesized from o-hydroxyacetophenone and polymerized in bulk, benzene solution, and sus…
This paper examines the thermal behavior of acetophenone di-n-butyl mercaptal, specifically the rearrangement of alpha,alpha-bis-n-butylthioethylbenzene to alpha,beta-bis-n-butylthioethylbenzene in chlorobenzene under tert-butyl peroxide. Experiments varying peroxide amount and substrate concentrati…
This paper examines a side reaction affecting analytical dehydrogenation of gasoline-range hydrocarbons: mutual isomerization of cis- and trans-1,3-dimethylcyclopentanes over a platinum, iron on carbon catalyst. Narrow boiling fractions enriched in one or the other stereoisomer were dehydrogenated a…
This study addresses conflicting assignments of radicals formed in polyamides under gamma irradiation by comparing electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of poly-epsilon-caproamide and related compounds with selective deuterium substitution. Spectra were recorded for irradiated samples containing d…
This paper examines the ultraviolet absorption spectra of benzylideneaniline and benzylidene-1-naphthylamine derivatives containing nitro and dimethylamino substituents. Spectra measured in 1,2-dichloroethane are interpreted by separating contributions from a stilbene-type conjugated system and from…
This paper examines the origin of polarization and limiting current during anodic dissolution of copper in concentrated orthophosphoric acid, where earlier explanations based on surface saturation or depletion of acceptor ions were considered inadequate. The authors propose a concentration polarizat…
This study investigates changes in the electrical conductivity of zinc oxide semiconductor films during gamma radiolysis of adsorbed hydrogen, butane, and isobutylene, using the adsorbent itself as a probe for active surface particles. The experiments show that irradiation in hydrocarbon atmospheres…
This paper examines the reaction of white phosphorus with alkyl halides and distinguishes conditions favoring radical and ionic pathways. The authors argue that white phosphorus can behave as a pseudometal and as a donor through lone electron pairs, enabling addition of active alkylating agents, whi…
This study examines whether electron-acceptor additives can capture electrons during low-temperature gamma radiolysis of polyvinyl chloride and thereby influence ionic processes and gaseous product formation. Polyvinyl chloride films containing small amounts of anthracene, n-terphenyl, benzoquinone,…
This study examines the mechanism by which p-nitrophenyl esters of benzoylamino acids and acylpeptides form under dicyclohexylcarbodiimide conditions, with particular attention to racemization. Infrared spectroscopy was used to follow reactions over time and to compare diagnostic carbonyl bands of a…
This study examines how the initiator and phase state of acetaldehyde affect the chemical structure of polymers formed during polymerization. Acetaldehyde was purified, co-condensed in vacuum with sodium or magnesium, and polymerized in crystalline or glassy states and during melting, with products …
This study compares the structure, thermal behavior, and electrophysical properties of two polybenzimidazoles synthesized from 3,3′-diaminobenzidine and diphenyl esters of terephthalic or isophthalic acid. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, volatile-yield measurements, and conductivity studie…
This study examines the mechanism by which trace amounts of carrier-free yttrium-90 coprecipitate with polyvalent metal hydroxides, focusing on ferric and zirconium hydroxides. Building on Ratner’s theory of secondary adsorption, the authors test whether the pH dependence of yttrium distribution bet…
This study examines the state of oxygen chemisorbed on platinum electrodes in acidic and alkaline solutions, addressing whether multiple energetically distinct oxygen forms exist during cathodic reduction. Using pulse techniques, rapid current-potential curves and potentiostatic current-time transie…
This study examines the kinetics of homogeneous and emulsion polymerization of alpha,beta-fluorine-substituted styrenes in comparison with styrene. Polymerization rates, activation energies, pre-exponential factors, and qualitative molecular-weight indicators were measured for solution reactions ini…
This paper addresses anomalously large and temperature-dependent apparent pre-exponential factors and activation energies observed in the slow condensed-phase decomposition of explosive substances. It proposes a thermal-chain mechanism in which heat released by a reacted molecule transiently raises …
This paper investigates whether xenon fluorides can be synthesized by radiation chemical activation of xenon and fluorine mixtures, motivated by evidence that fluorine atoms or excited species participate in xenon fluorination. Mixtures of spectroscopically pure xenon and fluorine were irradiated in…
The study examines hydrogen isotope exchange in hexasubstituted benzene derivatives under acidic deuterating conditions, comparing hexamethylbenzene and hexaethylbenzene with fused cycloalkane analogues. Experiments with deuterosulfuric acid in nitrobenzene, supported by proton resonance spectra and…
The study examines catalytic hydrogenation of furan amines in mildly acidic aqueous solution over Raney nickel, focusing on the formation of α-pyrrolidylalkanol-3 derivatives and related octahydroindole alcohols. The authors propose that hydrolytic cleavage of the furan ring gives aminodicarbonyl in…
This study reexamines the reaction of delta-3-carene oxide with acetic anhydride to clarify the structures of the resulting unsaturated alcohol acetates and oxide isomerization products. Fractionation, derivative formation, and infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy show that the reaction yields l-ca…
This paper applies the thermodynamics of irreversible processes to capillary osmosis and diffusiophoresis in solutions with molecular adsorption layers, treating these effects as reciprocal phenomena associated with pressure and chemical-potential differences across porous diaphragms. Using entropy …
The study examines how hydrostatic pressure changes the temperature, composition, and pressure phase relations of bismuth-tin alloys, chosen as a low-melting model eutectic system with opposite pressure dependences of the component melting points. Differential thermal analysis under pressures up to …
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of several acyl-stabilized triphenylarsine ylides obtained from corresponding arsonium salts. The authors compare these compounds with analogous phosphorus ylides, describe effective deprotonation methods using sodium amide in liquid ammonia or…
This study examines how strong electrolytes affect the hydration rate of calcium oxide in concentration ranges excluding compound formation with lime. Hydration was followed by heat evolution in an adiabatic calorimeter for calcium oxide samples of different dispersion, and dissolution rates were me…
This paper proposes a mechanistic framework for oxidation of organic compounds on solid nonmetallic catalysts, treating the reaction as a sequence of electron transfer from the organic molecule to the catalyst, transfer to oxygen, oxygen ion formation, and surface reaction to products. It argues tha…
This paper investigates the interaction of aqueous potassium metaniobate with salts of selected transition and related metals, motivated by questions relevant to alkaline processing of niobium-containing ores. Using nephelometry, conductivity, pH measurements, optical spectroscopy, electrophoresis, …
This study examines the chromatographic behavior of type X zeolites in which sodium is replaced by varying amounts of calcium, using mixtures of C1 to C4 hydrocarbon gases with carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Experiments with three calcium zeolite samples show that increasing calcium content broadens …
This study examines the properties and structure of dicyclopentadienylmercury, previously interpreted as a compound with localized mercury carbon sigma bonds and diene cyclopentadienyl rings. Chemical reactions with mercuric halides, thallium hydroxide, cyanide, and n-butyl mercaptan, together with …
This study examines the kinetics of ethylene telomerization with carbon tetrachloride and chloroform, focusing on how temperature and radical chain length affect partial chain-transfer constants. Experiments in pressurized autoclaves, combined with gas-liquid chromatographic analysis and Mayo equati…
The paper reports experimental determinations of heats of combustion and derived standard heats of formation for four liquid spirocycloalkane hydrocarbons: spiro-(4,4)-nonane, spiro-(4,5)-decane, spiro-(5,5)-undecane, and spiro-(5,6)-dodecane. Using bomb calorimetry with benzoic acid calibration and…
This study examines the direct reduction of high-molecular-weight aliphatic ketones to saturated hydrocarbons over aluminosilicate catalysts without an external hydrogen supply. Using stearone as a model substrate, the authors heated it with acid-activated clay at 250°C and separated the catalytic p…
This paper investigates luminescence observed during the acylation of aniline by benzoyl chloride in ether and evaluates its use for kinetic measurements. Photometric experiments show that the glow does not arise directly from the chemical reaction, but from crystallization of the poorly soluble pro…
This study examines phase equilibria and selected physical properties in binary systems formed by antimony chalcogenides, focusing on Sb2S3, Sb2Se3 and Sb2Te3. Alloys were prepared from high purity elements in sealed evacuated ampoules, annealed to equilibrium, and investigated by differential therm…
This study investigates the primary stages of radiolysis in several polyamides and low molecular weight analogues using gas analysis, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Irradiation produces hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with hydrogen accumulation remaining…
This paper examines thermodynamic regularities in ternary aqueous salt solutions, focusing on the relation between isopiestic data and activity coefficients under isomolal conditions. Starting from previously proposed equations for 1:1 electrolytes, it derives transformations that lead, under stated…
The study examines the liquid phase oxidation of diisopropylmercury by oxygen in n-nonane, with attention to kinetic regularities and the role of reaction products in chain development. Oxidation was monitored by oxygen uptake at constant pressure and by product analysis, including tests with radica…
This study examines how platinum surface oxides affect oxygen and hydrogen peroxide electroreduction on smooth platinum in alkaline solution. Using a rotating disk electrode with a ring in 0.125 N KOH, the authors compared oxidized and reduced electrode surfaces and used ring currents to estimate hy…
The study examines hydrogen and calcium ion exchange on the KU-2 cation exchanger in concentrated hydrochloric acid and calcium chloride solutions, a region relevant to water deionization but less characterized than dilute systems. Using a ray method of physicochemical analysis at 25 degrees C, the …
This study examines the interaction of neodymium oxide with water vapor and liquid water, with attention to the stability, composition, and structure of hydrated phases. Using hydrothermal synthesis, controlled humidity experiments, thermogravimetry, thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray di…
This study investigates atomic oxygen and hydrogen in rarefied hydrogen flames, motivated by uncertainties in the elementary rate constants governing chain propagation and branching. Using an electron paramagnetic resonance jet apparatus with the reactor placed directly in the resonator, the authors…
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of selenium-containing derivatives of acrylic and methacrylic acids, a class for which the authors note little prior information. Selenophenol was reacted with methacryloyl chloride in ether in the presence of triethylamine, giving selenophenyl…
