STUDY OF MIDDLE OIL FRACTIONS FROM THE SAMOTLOR FIELD IN TYUMEN OBLAST

N. M. Smolyaninova, A. I. Levashova,
V. D. Putintseva, A. D. Karbainov, S. I. Khoroshko

(Presented by the Scientific-Methodological Seminar of the Organic Departments)

Efficient utilization of middle oil fractions and the choice of rational technological processes for their chemical processing require profound knowledge of the composition of the initial petroleum feedstock. High requirements for the quality of diesel and aviation fuels, and the need to produce them through the use of new methods of processing and upgrading, entail an expansion of scientific understanding of the chemical structure and physicochemical properties of middle oil fractions.

The foregoing was the reason for a more thorough study of the composition of oils. For our investigation we selected oil from the promising Samotlor field of Tyumen Oblast (fractions 150–200, 200–300°C). The group hydrocarbon composition and physicochemical characteristics of this oil had been studied earlier [1].

In the present work, a study was carried out of the chemical composition of the aromatic portion of the kerosene fraction 200–300°C; the quantitative content of six-membered naphthenic hydrocarbons in the 150–200°C fraction was determined, and their qualitative identification is given. The quantitative content of six-membered naphthenes was determined by Zelinskii’s method using dehydrogenation catalysis [2–3] and amounted to 10 wt. % (the content of naphthenes in the 150–200°C fraction is 21 wt. %). Secondary aromatic hydrocarbons were identified by GLC and IR spectroscopy. The data are given in Table 1 [4].

The study of the chemical composition of the aromatic portion of the kerosene fraction (200–300°C) was carri—

Table 1

Naphthenic hydrocarbons
of the 150–200°C fraction
of Samotlor oil

was carried out by liquid chromatography in combination with UV and IR spectroscopy. Chromatographic separation of the fraction was carried out on ASK-grade silica gel into methane-naphthenic and aromatic groups (Table 2), which then served as the object of further study. Each group of aromatics was divided into narrower fractions using aluminum oxide. UV and IR spectra were recorded for them [5–7].

Table 2

Chromatographic separation of the kerosene fraction

As a result of spectral analysis, the following were found:

1. In fractions with \(n_D^{20}=1{,}4961—1{,}5242\): mono-, 1,3-, 1,4-disubstituted; 1,3,5-; 1,2,4-trisubstituted; 1,2,4,5-; 1,2,3,5-; 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted benzenes.

2. In fractions with \(n_D^{20}=1{,}5242—1{,}5761\): monoalkyl-substituted benzenes, condensed structures, and hydrocarbons of hybrid structure.

The data obtained on the composition of aromatic hydrocarbons make it possible to explain certain properties of the kerosene fractions as feedstock for the production of commercial fuels. The studies showed that the kerosene distillates of Samotlor crude oil are characterized by high cetane numbers (51—53); consequently, they can be used as feedstock for producing high-quality diesel fuels, but they do not meet the technical specifications for motor gasoline and tractor kerosene (octane number 19—20).

Conclusions

1. The quantitative content of six-membered naphthenic hydrocarbons in the 150—200°C fraction of crude oil from the Samotlor field was determined, and their qualitative identification was carried out.

2. The chemical composition of the aromatic part of the kerosene fraction 200—300°C was studied by liquid chromatography in combination with UV and IR spectroscopy.

LITERATURE

1. Smolyaninova N. M., Stramkovskaya K. K., et al. Crude Oil of the Samotlor Field. Proceedings of the regional scientific conference. Tomsk, 1971.

2. Zelinskii N. D. On dehydrogenation catalysis. ZhRKhO, 43, 1911.

3. Landsberg G. S., Kazanskii B. A. Determination of the Individual Hydrocarbon Composition of Gasolines. Moscow, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1959.

4. Kuklinskii A. Ya., Filimonov N. A. ZhKhTTM, 8, 23, 1968.

5. Lizogub A. P. Spectral Analysis in Organic Chemistry. Kiev, “Tekhnika,” 1964.

6. Gal’pern G. D., Kusakov M. M. Proceedings of the 10th Congress on Spectroscopy. Lviv, vol. 1, 1957.

7. V. I. mair Anal. C, 1964, 36, 2, 425.